History of the Turkish State

This is the two continents. Approximately 95 percent of the area of ​​780 580 km2 are located in Asia, the rest go to Europe. Some suspect the nation Hittiti the region's first inhabitants, coming from Europe. think the more popular estimate Hittiti people from Central Asia. However, in many ways Turkey is oriented to the West than adapting the socio-political and culture of East Asia.

Entering first-year AD, the Turkish territory then called the Byzantine Empire was ruled for four centuries the Romans. Roman rule was dropped the barbarians. During this period the empire's capital was moved from Rome to Constantinople (now Istanbul). In the 12th century the Byzantines fell into the power of the Ottoman Empire led by King Osman I. This is the golden age of the Ottoman Turks.

During this period the Ottoman Turkish government to obtain a strong Islamic influence. Even after the death of Khulafaur Rasyiddin, Turkey became Caliphate under the Ottoman dynasty. Its territory includes the Arabian Peninsula, the Balkans, Hungary to the North African region. However, the caliphate was destroyed by power struggles involving the intervention of foreign countries.

Beginning of resistance to foreign interference led Musthofa Kemal, the action turns into opposition struggle against power Caliph. Self destruction of the Khilafah Islamiyah Moment happens when the Turkish people through their representatives issued a National Charter (al Mitsaq Al Wathoni). Since then, Turkey became an independent state, separate from the territories that once the unity of the Khilafah Islamiyah. Caliph Abdul Majid were last in power, were driven out of Turkey.

In 1923, disepakatilah establishment of the Turkish state with borders as today. Black Sea to the north; Iraq, Syria and the Mediterranean Sea in the south, the Aegean Sea to the west, and Iran and Russia in the east. Republic with the capital Ankara, the first led by Kemal Musthofa. He did a massive modernization oriented to the West. It replaces the use of the Arabic alphabet with the Latin, polygamy is banned and women are given the same freedom as men. The literacy rate, 90 percent of the 64 million population of Turkey. Kemal Turkey's founding father hath title (Attaturk) are known as Kemal Attaturk.

After World War II, the proximity of Turkey to the West more viscous. Turkey rejected the request of the Soviet Union to open military bases on its territory, but he invited the U.S. established military bases. In the 1960s this relationship is broken, even the U.S. embargo on Turkey. Cause, Turkey into conflict with Greek Cyprus in the struggle. In this case, the U.S. is siding with the Greeks. But in 1978, the embargo lifted.

Turkey's relations with the West viscosity opposition, especially from ethnic Kurds since 1925 when Kemal Ataturk came to power. But the rebellion can be broken. Efforts to re-establish Islamic law, is always addressed by repressive governments. But some 98 percent of Turkey's population is Muslim, despite continuing efforts to the extent of the underground.

In 1950, for the first time Turkey hold elections. At that time, Republicans defeated Democrats formed Attaturk. In the 1961 elections, the Republicans in power again. But then displaced by the dominance of the ruling Motherland Party now. Turkey is currently led by President Suleiman and Prime Minister Mesut Damirel Yilman. After the first election, and in 1980 Turkey experienced a political crisis that makes the military had seized power.

More than half of Turkey is mountainous. River Euphrates and the Tigris that was once the center of the world civilization, also across the region. A number of potential natural resource, available in abundance in the deposits. One of the production, including the largest in the world is chromite. Others are oil and gas and coal. With the support of the West, the rapidly growing industries in Turkey. But do not miss the agricultural sector with employment rates reached 60 percent.