Such as microscopes, telescopes also found in the Netherlands, but its discovery after the microscope. In 1608, shortly after the invention of the microscope, Hans Lippershy of Middleburg a lens maker accidentally invented the telescope to observe distant objects to make it look close. Astronomy world revealed to man through Galileo Galilee in 1609. Planet with eye observations through Galileo's telescope is no longer a foreign object in the sky but in the form of a spherical object whose existence is certain. Four months the greatest of Jupiter and the rings of Saturn was discovered by Galileo.
Two refractive lens arranged between the object and the eyes of the audience form a telescope of Galileo. Binoculars are made by Galileo is now better known as the stage binoculars. Sir Isaac Newton invented the telescope mirror reflection, a more sophisticated version of the Galileo telescope using a concave mirror to reflect the image seen in a flat dish or lens of the eye, the reflecting telescope is able to separate objects that are not clear or keep a distance of adjacent objects. In 1781, William Herschel telescope with mengguanakan a height of 40 feet (12.91 m) to discover the planet Uranus. Gothe Karl Jansky, a radio astronomy exponents are the first to find out radio waves from distant stars and galaxies. In 1957, on the banks of the river built in the UK Jodnel major permanent binoculars for the first time.
In 1610, Galileo was the first to create a tool based on the findings Lippershey. His first telescope has 8-fold magnification. He continued to hone the lens until finally obtained 32-fold magnification. With his telescope, he observed the phases of Venus, the four moons of Jupiter, the rings of Saturn (the term was not yet known rings on the planet), and sun spots. Galileo even measuring the shadows on the Moon which took him to the conclusion that there are mountains on the lunar surface is much higher than that on Earth.
Creation telescope similar to Galileo's telescope used for opera performances whose main function is to enlarge the object. Setting the lens has its drawbacks in terms of magnification that can be obtained. Galileo could see no more than a quarter of the moon without moving the telescope. Even so the concept is still a role model Galileo telescope next generation. This is known as refraction or refractor telescope, the telescope that uses lenses to bend light.
In 1704, Sir Issac Newton announced a new concept in the design made telescope. Newton stated that the lens can split white light into a spectrum of light that make it up and cause something called chromatic bending, which is reddish halos around objects are viewed using a mirror. Newton avoids the problem was in the telescope design using curved mirrors are used to collect light and emit back to the focal point. Reflector mirror that acts as a sort of basket collection basket where the greater light, the more light that can be collected. Newton telescope is called a reflecting telescope or a reflector.
Unlike the telescope reflector, refractor telescope-making tends to be more complicated. To avoid image distortion (abrasion), refractor telescope lenses should be made very carefully. Great lens will tend to absorb light through it, while the heavy weight also complicates the manufacturing process. Therefore, this time around the large telescopes used in astronomy reflector type.
From the late 1800s until now there is no competition in making the largest refractor telescope. In 1897, the largest refractor telescope in the world when it was 102 cm refractor at Yerkes Observatory belongs to the United States. In 1928, refractor telescope gandaDari the late 1800s up to now there is no competition in making the largest refractor telescope. In 1897, the largest refractor telescope in the world when it was 102 cm refractor at Yerkes Observatory belongs to the United States. In 1928, Zeiss double refractor telescope with a lens diameter of 60 cm were used in Bosscha Observatory, Lembang, ranked second as a refractor telescope terbesar.Tahun 1946 created 66 cm refractor owned Mount Stromlo Observatory in Australia. The telescope is to be the second largest shifting Bosscha but this telescope has been destroyed by the fires that hit Mount Stromlo Observatory in 2003. Meanwhile, Yerkes Observatory refractor belonging now been retired, therefore refractor telescope at the Observatory Bosscha become the largest refractor telescope in the world that still operated. In addition, the telescope also holds the record as the largest refractor telescope in the world doubles, the smaller refractor telescope.
In 1976, the development of next-generation telescope is back reflector to maximize the use of mirrors. If Newton using a mirror with a diameter of about 15 cm, then the Special Astrophysical Observatory in Zelenchukskaya, Russia, using a mirror up to 6 m in diameter. With the size of it, this telescope is powerful enough to capture light candles from a distance of up to 24,000 km. Nevertheless, the use of a large mirror instead of not inviting trouble. Above 4 m diameter mirror prone to distortion.
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