In 1968 many years known as the birth of reggae music. Actually there is no specific incident that became a marker early history, except transitional musical taste of Ska and Jamaican society Rock steady, which was popular among the young in the first half until the end of the 1960s, the new musical rhythm slower tempo: reggae. Perhaps frenetic and fast tempo Ska and Rock steady less wear to the social and economic conditions in Jamaica are stressful.
History of Reggae Music in the World
The word "reggae" is supposedly derived from the pronunciation of the African accent of the word "ragged" (clumsy motion-like bodies pounding on people who dance to the music ska or reggae). Rhythm of reggae music itself influenced elements of R & B music that was born in New Orleans, Soul, Rock, rhythmic Afro-Caribean (Calypso, Merengue, Rhumba) and called Jamaican folk music Mento, rich with African rhythms. Musical rhythm that many considered to be a precursor to reggae is ska and rocksteady, the form of R & B musical interpretation that developed in Jamaica is loaded with the influence of Afro-American music. Technical and musical exploration conducted many Ska musicians, including shaking the guitar in reverse (up-strokes), putting pressure on a weak tone tone (syncopated) and multi-rhythmic drum beats are complex.
Engineering and Rocsteady Ska musicians in playing a musical instrument, imitated by many reggae musicians. However much slower tempo music with pounding bass and rhythm guitar is more prominent. Vocals are heavy with songs like pattern praises (chant), which influenced the rhythm of drumming, singing and mystical ways of Rastafari. Slower tempo of the music, in time to support the delivery of messages through the lyrics of songs associated with the Rastafari religious traditions and socio-political problems of humanistic and universal.
Album "Catch A Fire" (1972) which launched Bob Marley and The Wailers quickly catapulted to the outside of Jamaica reggae. Popularity of reggae in the United States supported also by the film The Harder They Come (1973) and reggae rhythms played by white musicians such as Eric Clapton, Paul Simon, Lee 'Scratch' Perry and UB40. Reggae rhythm was then affect streams music in the decade after that, call it a variant of reggae hip hop, reggae rock, blues, and so on.
Jamaica
Musical roots reggae is closely related to the land which gave it birth: Jamaica. When discovered by Columbus in the 15th century, Jamaica is an island inhabited by Arawak Indians. Jamaica name itself comes from the Arawak vocabulary "Xaymaca" meaning "island of forests and water". Spanish and British colonialism in the 16th century destroyed the Arawak tribe, who was later replaced by a black bondsman thousands of African mainland. Slaves were employed in the sugar industry and plantations are scattered there. The dark history of oppression between humans began and lasted until more than two centuries. New in 1838 removed the practice of slavery, which is followed by the world sugar trade slowdown.
In the midst of heavy work and the threat of oppression, the African slaves maintain attachment to their homeland with the tradition. They narrate life in Africa with the song (chant) and sounds (drumming) is simple. Interaction with the employers who came from Europe were membekaskan cross-cultural product that eventually became the original Jamaican folk tradition. When the black community in America or Europe with their African identity fade quickly, otherwise black communities Jamaica still feel the closeness with ancestral lands.
Reggae music itself was originally born from the streets Getho (Rastafaria the township) in the Jamaican capital Kingson. This is what causes hair styles dreadlocks adorning the early reggae musician and song lyrics reggae rastafari teachings loaded with cargo that is freedom, peace, and beauty of nature, and the bohemian lifestyle. Inclusion as one of the reggae world music elements that also affect many other musicians world, automatically result in the flow of the music is a world of public consumption goods. Thus, dreadlocks or dreadlock hair style as well as the lyrics 'rasta' in his song became public consumption. In other words, dreadlock rasta and teachings have become pop production, to pop culture, as the development of reggae music as a pop music.
Reggae, rastaman title, has become a new form of subculture in this country, where her youth define and classify herself. Here, reggae music became important as a taste, and rastaman became a communal identity of a particular social group. Just how social observers and also the members of the community to understand themselves and the culture they choose, in order to avoid distortions harmful to them. The use of marijuana is one such example, where reggae is not synonymous with marijuana and rastafarianisme was not a community of marijuana.
A song from "Peter Tosh" (real name Peter McIntosh), frontman of The Wairles who eventually pursue a solo career. In this song, Peter Tosh and demands expressed support for legalizing marijuana. Because of this song, he was arrested and tortured by the police Jamaica.
According to the history of Jamaica, the slaves brought drums from Africa called "Burru" arrangements which become part of a song called "talking drums" (talking drum) which is native from West Africa. "Jonkanoo" music culture is a mixture of African, European and Jamaica consisting of drumming, rattle (musical instrument creaking) and conch blowing. This event occurs when Christmas comes masked dancers.
Jonkanoos originally a dance of the peasants, who only realized later that they actually communicate with the drums and conch. The next year, Calypso from Trinidad & Tobago came with Samba that comes from Central America and was introduced to the people - people of Jamaica to form a new blend called Mento. Mento music itself is simple with humorous lyrics accompanied by guitar, banjo, tambourine, shaker, scraper and rumba, or the bass.
This form then popular in the 20 and 30s and is a form of Jamaican music that first attracted the attention of the whole island. Currently Mento can still be enjoyed serving tourism. SKA has appeared in 40 - 50s actually mentioned by the History of Jamaican Music, impacted by Swing, Rythym & Blues of the United States. SKA is actually the sound of the big band horn arrangements (wind instruments), piano, and a quick tap "bop". Ska then easily switch and produce a form of dance "Skankin" pad early 60s.
Of early Jamaica, among others, Byron Lee and the Dragonaires formed in 1956 which was then regarded as the creator of "ska". Ska developments which then slowed the tempo in the mid 60s led to "Rock Steady" a bass heavy tune punta and popularized by Leroy Sibbles of the Heptones and the group became the first Jamaican dance music in the 60s.
"Reggae & Rasta"
Bob Marley of course, is the music star "third world" so the first group singer Bob Marley & The Wailers and reggae successfully introduced more universal. Nonetheless, reggae regarded by many as a relic of King of Reggae Music, Hon. Robert Nesta Marley. Coupled with the presence of "The Harder They Come" in 1973, added Reggae known to many people.
The death of Bob Marley then it brings great sadness for the world, but his successors such as Freddie McGregor, Dennis Brown, Garnett Silk, Marcia Fiffths and Rita Marley and Marley sprung some relatives. Rasta Reggae music is clear shaper is used as a weapon by Bob Marley Rasta to spread throughout the world.
This incredible music that grew from ska to American style elements of R & B and Caribbean. Some opinions state also influences: folk music, church music Pocomania, jonkanoo Band, ceremonies - ceremonies farmers, planting work songs, and mento form.
Nyahbingi is the most natural form of music that is often played at the meeting - the meeting Rasta, using 3 hand drums (bass, funde and repeaters: there are examples in the Mystic Revelation of Rastafari). Roots reggae itself always explore the theme of suffering forced labor (ghetto dweller), slaves in Babylon, Haile Selassie (the human kind god) and hope the return of Africa. Jamaica after independence in 1962, poor governance and the development of the Black Power movement in the U.S. then encouraged the rise of Rasta. Monumentalpun events occurred over this development.
"What the heck Reggae"
Reggae itself is a combination of African traditional accompaniment, American and Blues and folk (folk song) Jamaica. The synthesis of style clearly demonstrate the authenticity of Jamaica and put a knock broke - broke apart, strumming the guitar upwards, vocal patterns that 'preaching' and the lyrics are still about Rastafari religious traditions. Although many commercial benefits that have been derived from reggae, Babylon (Jamaica), strict government often considered to restrict the movement but not the political aspect Rastafarinya. "Reg-ay" arguably arises from the notion that reggae is a style of Jamaican music is based on American soul music, but with a rhythm that 'behind' and the fabric of a prominent bass. The theme weve often about Rastafari, political protest, and rudie (hooligan hero). Existing forms (ska and rocksteady) seem to be more powerful influence of African music - despite his American guitar playing also fill 'hole - hole' empty and drum accompaniment complex. In contemporary reggae, ritual drumming taken from Rastafarian who tend mystical and sacred, because it will be more calm tempo and focuses on issues of social, political and humane message.
"Not authentic Jamaican"
Reggae music is indeed unique to Jamaica, ironically roots originating from New Orleans R & B. Closest ancestor, ska originated from New Orleans R & B Jamaican musicians heard on radio broadcasts Amrik through their transistor radios. With reference to the accompaniment of the guitar fit - barely and broken - their interpretation will be R & B and capable so popular in the 60s. Furthermore during the hot summer, they also must be hot if playing ska plus dance, song results slowed and Reggae was born. Since then, Reggae Blues proved to be as strong and powerful interpretation could also borrow from Rocksteady (first) and even rock music (now). African music is essentially there in everyday life, be it on the street, bus, public places, workplaces ato house so kind of spirit when difficult conditions and capable of providing power and message of its own. The result, Reggae music not only provide relaxation, but it also carries a message of love, peace, unity and balance and be able to loosen the tension.
"It's Influences"
When Jamaican recording has spread throughout the world, it's hard to say how many genres of popular music for Reggae for two decades. Hits - Reggae hits even then had been occupied by the original Rock star Eric Clapton began to Stones to the Clash and the Fugees. In addition, Reggae also considered much influence dance world charm of its own. Culture 'Dancehall' prominent Jamaican sound system plus megawatts, exclusive footage, drums and bass, with accompaniment and chant rap has become a cultural display of dance and the other is outside biasa.Inovasi Reggae Dub remixes that have been assimilated into other popular music more broadly.
