History of the Kingdom of Bali in Indonesia

Bali Generally ancient history, until now little known, although the history of ancient Bali actually have been meticulous by several scholars. Such a situation is due in part because many manuscripts-manuscripts and inscriptions, which is still kept and respected. Lontar investigation and inscriptions in bali often have difficulty because of customs. krtinya'penduduk or village store does not allow the inscription to read, other people, because they believe that reading it will result in disaster or death. Often the case, the inscription should or can be read after the holding or serving-dish offerings. However, this is not a guarantee that the food-grain was freed of all obstacles.

History of the Kingdom of Bali

Some of palmyra-palm was there in the form of hymns, chapters, and others. The hymns composed by the Balinese reef in the post or at the time of Majapahit kingdom Gelgel development and Klungkung. In addition there are several such manuscripts Harsawijoyo Song, Song Ranggalawe, Sundanese song Usana Java and Bali. Most of the books contents on the state of the king's body-Majapahit began in 1293. 1343M island itself has been conquered by the Kingdom of Majapahit. Bali's ancient history, between the century till the ninth century. XIV, in the hymns and the efforts mentioned above was never mentioned, except a few like the kings and JAYAPENGUS Ugrasena.

Bali historical research by experts began only in 1885 that pioneered by DR. dd. Vkh Tuuk DER and DR. JL, Brandes they typically Dutch scholar .. Their work was continued by experts such as: DR. PV. VAN STEIN CALLLiiFBLS, DR. WF STUTTERHEIN ', DR.R. Guris. Then after the Indonesian independence Bali historical research conducted by experts of the Indo nesia like: Rtut Ginarsa, ', irs. MAI Sukarta K, Atmadjo. Although studies have begun in 1885, does not mean the research is completed cuaah sempu.rna or even vice versa.

The oldest news from a foreign nation that welcomes the island comes from the Chinese news. Ie from the Tang dynasty (618-908 AD) mentions that Holing located on islands in the oceans south. At its east lies PO-LI and the western side of T0-PO-TEN G, to the north of Chen-la (Cambodia). P. PELLLIOT identified with P0-li Bali. Furthermore menyebutkan.pula about Dwa-pa tan country located in south hamboja, sail away two months. The country is located in the east se ho-ling and northern sides of the ocean Dwa-pa-tan with Bali. After that no longer obtain any news about Bali, as well as other foreign news, virtually none at all possible because of geography Bali away from the trade at the time, it was.

The oldest news from Bali itself, in the form of inscriptions which are not numbered years. Sangskerta language, a number of pieces, the situation is much damaged. As a result, his writing can not be read. In addition, we found several small pieces of land see the stamp, the magnitude of approximately 2.5 cm, which is stored in a small stupa. This stamp inscribed with Buddhist mantras, in the language Sangskerta.


882 M
This inscription is the oldest inscription that uses Balinese language. In addition, there are other inscriptions written in Sangskerta. Inscription in 882 AD it does not contain the name of the king, so that the original can not be determined.

882-914 M
In this period there is an inscription written in ancient Bali. Of him can be seen the central government (the king) called SINGArvANDAwA. Fondly called in the inscription is not append the name king.

917 M
In the village of Sanur near Denpasar ever found an inscription in the form of a monument. This inscription is not framed in, but using the number of years in the form of Candrasang time. It reads: khecara-Wahni-Murti which has a value of 339 Saka or 917 numbers M. It contained, among others, about the existence of an expedition of the king's palace in KESARIWARNA DEWA has Singhadwala, Sanur inscription also shows evidence of tenting a dynasty in the island of Bali, named: COLOR DEWA. An oddity of this inscription is bilingual nature or use dun language.

The first part: buhasa ancient Bali, with Nagari letters
Part two: the language of the ancient Balinese sangskerta with letters
What is the purpose of using this odd combination? can not be known with certainty.

915-942 M
In this period there were 9 inscriptions of kings called the title: Sri Ugrasena. Notice of the king's name appears Ugrasena excluding Warnadewa dynasty members. Nungkin is one of a king who stands alone.

962 M
In Bali, the king ruled Sri Candrabhayasimharmadewa. Inscription which dates to the year 962 AD was reported about construction of a. Bathhouse in the village hanukaya (Nanukaraya). Now the bath is called Tirtha Empul.

975 M
Who reigned at the time was the king of Sri Janasadhuwarmmadewa.

984 M
Enthroned a queen with the title Sri Maharaja Sri Wijayamahadewi. Warmadowa dynasty famous in Bali, because it is the first known dynasty. Surely the kings mentioned above is only known because of the name alone. Other aspects of their lives can not be known. Until the year 984 AD, the inscriptions are generally written in the Balinese language, this situation then changed in subsequent years.

989-1010 M
In Bali ruled Sri Dharrnodayanawarmodewa (Udayana) and empress SriGunapriyadharrnapatni. Perrnaisuri is derived from the Javanese princess of Makutawangsawardhana, royal Sindok of East Java. Governments of both husband and wife is among the most famous in Bali, because it is an important period of both political and cultural. Balam inscription issued during 989-1010 AD consort Sri Gunapriyadharmmapatni name is always called first. so pules since 989 AD Java language has been used in ancient inscriptions in Bali. Both of these things indicate that the island of Bali at that time had been under the influence) under the political power of Java. Probably due to the political influence of the king Dharmawangsa. Both husband and wife were well-known for having son Airlangga who later would become one of the bestir in Java. Empress Gunapriyadharmapatni likely died in the year 1010 AD In the embodiment as a statue buried in Durgamahis-asuramardini. hrtinya Durga is killing m usuhnya in the form of a buffalo. Viengapa actually depicted as goddess Durga is scary is that?. It is not clear, but perhaps there hubungannya.-Bali assuming that it Gunapriyadharmapatni old daughter with Candidate A.rang. That is a scary famous widow in folklore: Bali. Since, the year 1011 being the death of Udayana ruled itself is not clearly known kepan. His grave is mentioned in WKA Banu, who until now have not been able to know where it is located.