History of Submarine

Many experts and scholars in the 16th century have started looking for forms and systems to make this underwater vehicles. Inspiration started from a boat or regular boat. Obvious relation, ships or boats gliding on the water. Some parts were in the water. Then the thought: "What if all parts of the ship can be in the water, but still able to glide and ride like a regular boat?!" Then with the help of science ideas to make the submarine appeared in 1578. William Bourne, a mathematician, designing a vessel covered by a water-resistant leather. This ship is meant to rowed in the water, because it was not yet known to the machine.

But this ship failed to realize. Similar ideas forwarded by the Germans in 1620. The author, Cornelis Drebbel, who managed to make a boat dive as deep as 360 to 450 centimeters, rowed by 12 people. Simple submarine without a paddle as well as more advanced equipment was started by a schoolboy d Yale (USA), David Bushnell. Submarine shaped like an egg creations, made of wood.

Equipment is the main breathing tube to the surface of the water, the propeller is rotated by hand labor, which manages the buoyancy tank and sinking submarines (if you want to dive, some water filled tank through a valve that can be set with legs raised upward and when water, the water is pumped out by hand), compass and a ballast in order to position the ship remains. Because the ship is then used for war, the ship is also equipped with torpedoes. Yet this new in 1775!?

Propulsion submarines with nonhuman started by Robert Fulton. It uses the steam engine to run the ship. And to facilitate the ship lurched forward, the vessel is made with a cigar shape. This cigar ship carrying 2 crew and was able to dive a few hours. More advanced submarines again belongs to the U.S. Navy in 1900. PG creator named John Holland and his ship called Holland. 1,590 centimeters long ship, run by a gasoline engine and electric power. Because it is a part of military equipment, ships equipped with weapons, including torpedoes, with a burst of air pressure.

But in use, gasoline often endanger the ship itself. Then to overcome this problem, devised a machine with a safer fuel, ie diesel, the diesel engine. This happened in 1905 and is a British vanguard. The diesel-powered submarine later became bakuan subsequent submarines. Right now there are powered submarines until 1000-1600 horsepower on diesel.

After the 2nd World War (P2D), equipment and advanced submarine capabilities even further. In the war-for example-and the U.S. Navy submarines also use a type of diesel engines Fleet. Their submarine 90 meters in length, with a crew of 85 people, speed 20 knots in 10 knots on the water and in the water, 10 pieces of the barrel torpedo mounted on the front and back of the ship, with the ability to release 24 per barrel torpedo. Each contains about 250 kiligram torpedo explosives. The actual speed of the submarine could reach 45 knots, but for security reasons the ship itself, the speed used only 20 knots. With this speed torpedo can be thrown with a speed of 29 knots.

U.S. defense even more to show sea power more firmly. In 1954, AL-United States made history, by launching its first nuclear-powered submarine, called the Nautilus. In the same year all peak capacity and speed submarine subverted by it. Submarine Nautilus became the first vessel to cross the North Pole in 1958. There are other peaks that were made, but by other submarines named Triton. 1960 Triton managed to wade through all the oceans of the world under water. This ship and wade across 66,970 kilometers in 84 days. Not only that, in 1960 the United States have started to equip their submarines with missiles (missile) intercontinental. The ballistic missile could pass 1,930 yards and destroy the targeted country.

But not the U.S. alone that have nuclear submarines. Soviets also had. Even according to military experts the world, the Soviet submarine fleet has more. Soviet submarines had about 350, with about 60 submarines armed with ballistic missiles. The U.S. only has 135 ships including 40 submarines armed with ballistic missiles. They both did handyman war, so it must have a lot of armaments.

Other countries are more peaceful certainly have less equipment. For example Indonesia, which only has 4 subs, 2 and 2 artificial Soviet-made West Germany. Which earlier was named Pasopati and Bramastra, the latter being Nanggala and Chakra.