History of Atomic Structure

Niels Bohr was a Danish physicist who considered the greatest physicist of all time, the inventor of the atomic theory of Bohr, inventor of the liquid drop model of the nucleus of the atom, physicists par with Einstein's theory. Bohr is not the first person in the world who discovered the atomic structure or model of the atom. Struktor atom discovered by Rutherford, English physicist, in 1911. But Rutherford atomic structure (structure by Rutherford's atom) is less clear. According to the Rutherford atom consists of a nucleus surrounded by electrons, such as the sun surrounded by planets. But Rutherford can not explain how much distance an electron from the nucleus. Bohr atomic model Rutherford fix. Bohr was the first in the world to apply quantum theory to solve problems of atomic structure. He made important contributions to the development of quantum physics for nearly 50 years.

Biography of Niels Bohr - Atomic Structure Inventor

Bohr was born in Copenhagen, Denmark, on October 7, 1885 and died in Copenhagen also on 18 November 1962 at the age of 77 years. His father Christian Bohr, professor of physiology at the University of Copenhagen. His mother was Ellen Adler Bohr and respected family in the world including Bank in Denmark. Since childhood, Bohr was seen as a bright child who loved to read and study the scientific books.

At the age of 22 years, while still a senior at the University of Copenhagen, Bohr received the gold medal of the Copenhagen Institute of Sciences for his work on the surface tension of water. At the age of 26 years he received a doctorate for his thesis on the metal electrons. Then he went to England to study the atom with Thomson, the discoverer of the electron. After that he went to Manchester to study the atomic structure with Rutherford. In 1922 at the age of 37 years he received the Nobel Prize for physics for his theory of the atom.

Bohr was a great teacher, doctor, director of the Institute of Theoretical Physics and author. Bohr wrote a book about the atomic theory. This book published in 1913. It uses the theory of light beam Planck and Rutherford atomic model to explain the light that appears on the hydrogen atom. According to Bohr, the electrons surrounding the nucleus in specific orbits. There are atoms in the outer orbit and the orbit. The orbit is an electron orbit near the nucleus. Outer orbits could hold more electrons. Electrons in the outer orbits determine the chemical properties of atoms. Sometimes electrons in outer orbit to orbit the jump. At the time of the electrons jump off light. Book by Bohr another example: Spectra and Atomic Structure Theory (1922), Atomic Theory and the Description of Nature (1934), Atomic Physics and Human Knowledge (1958).

Bohr married Margrethe Norlund in 1912. Bohr turned out not miscast. His wife is a suitable companion for him. Of marriage they were blessed with 6 sons but two people died. Managed so that the four gentlemen and even someone who got a position as Bohr and Bohr is changing as the institute director. Bohr was well aware of the dangers and benefits of the atom to mankind. He experienced World War II and how the Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bomb destroyed because of overtime. In 1950 he proposed to the United Nations in order to pursue a policy 'open world' to avoid war. The statesmen should exchange information freely, until the states can and will trust and mutual understanding. Bohr's suggestion indicates that in addition to the leading physicists, Bohr's noble spirit and thinking of the welfare of mankind.