Monday, November 14, 2011

History of Google adsense

History of Google adsense
a free service for any publisher who want to register a website or blog to google adsense and to reap dollars from this business, despite our status as the only publisher only. But DID YOU KNOW the history of google adsense or google itself. Google Inc. is an American public corporation, plays a role in Internet search, cloud computing, and online advertising technology and software. The advantage of AdWords is almost all profit company.

Google was founded by Larry Page and Sergey Brin while they were students at Stanford University. They both have a stake in the company by 16 percent. Initially, the company was formed as a privately held company on September 4, 1998.

Initial public offering on August 19, 2004. Since its inception, the mission of this company is "To organize world's Information and make it Universally accessible and useful" (To set the entire world's information and make it accessible and useful for everyone), and the unofficial slogan is "Do not Be Evil "(Do not be evil). In 2006 the company was in moving headquarters to Mountain View, California.

From the word is useful for everyone means the two founders did mayakini true that sharing is a good thing and should be common knowledge if people want to imitate their success are willing to share for everyone.
And according to a story from blogger friends who've been to google office google office was remarkable as it was not in the proper office halayak, more to what yah because there are free fresh and fun, said fellow blogger.

My experience with google adsense never get the PIN sent by google adsense google occasionally get a pin, conditional earnings or income from our blog has reached $ 10 or more will be sent to the address on your google adsense account.

But my luck to end up having to defend a position got banned by Google may indeed violate google TOS also for having cheated: D yah name is also sometimes made any effort to achieve the goal, but it turns out he's not stupid google has prepared all sorts of ways subdue criminals onliner a cheat.

Such is the history google adsense I have ever experienced, and I will try it again with better intentions not just from idle but more on it again a little bit, a little lead to serious hopefully good intentions result also good. At least we know the history of google adsense and he was great because there publisher or blogger who thirst for dollars. Are you interested in joining and looking for a list of google adsense dollars now.

Tuesday, August 2, 2011

History Of Java tribes

Java tribes

Ethnic groups are ethnic Javanese Indonesia bangasa the most numerous, occupying the entire area of Central Java, East Java and West Java they use some of the Java language as a whole, it's just that there are different dialects in certain areas. Ethnic groups including ethnic Javanese who have advanced their culture, because since time immemorial they have a lot of influences from different cultures, such as: kedubayanan Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam and Europe. After knowing the ethnic groups in Indonesia, the current authors will discuss one of the tribes in the Tribal Indonsia Java.

Kinship Systems in Javanese

In the formulation of the problem there is that problem of how Javanese kinship system. In Javanese kinship system descended from the same mother and father considered his rights, and inheritance inheritance girls with men but, in contrast to many other tribes, which exist in Indonesia. For example, the Batak tribes in North Sumatra, Java does not know the clan system. The composition of ethnic Javanese kinship based on ancestry to both sides of the call or the Parental Bilateral indicating classification system according generations. Although these relationships beyond the nuclear family is not so strict rules, but for the Java relationships with distant family is still important.


Religion in Javanese

The Javanese majority embraced Islam. Some embraced the Christian, Hindu, Buddhist, Javanese and flow. People who embrace Javanese Javanese believe that life in this world is set in the universe, so they let go to destiny and being "Nrima" (surrender). Javanese people embraced Islam in differentiated into two "students of Islam" and "Islam Javanese", in addition to the Javanese people still believe in the magic power that exceeds the power of other forces yant called "Kasakten" (magic). It is also believed the spirits of ancestors and spirits as Memedi, tuyul, lelembut and jinn.

In addition to the Javanese people believe certain things that are considered sacred, which can caused the disaster if tintang or ignored. Belief that include:

Belief in Nyi Roro Kidul
The belief in the day of birth (Wathon)
Belief of the days that are considered good
Trust in Nitowong
The belief in shamans prewangan

Java tribal communities especially those in rural areas often hold ceremonies for safety for a particular purpose are usually dipimipin by a "Mudin" the prayer reads. The ceremony like that in grade into 6 types, among others:

Salvation commemorate the life cycle
Salvation associated with village life
Salvation before the wedding
Relating to certain events of salvation
Congratulations to commemorate religious holidays
Commemorate the death of one's salvation.

Kinship TERMS OF THE JAVA BASED MARRIAGE

Capital Mr. Morosepuh Morosepuh
Ipe Ipe Ipe Pripeyan Pripeyan Garwo Ego (I) Ipe
Besan besan

Description:

= Male
= Women

= Married Children Mantu Mantu
= Siblings
= Descendants


Javanese culture

Culture is a characteristic that distinguishes one tribe to another. But that will be discussed are ethnic Javanese cultural center of one of the characteristics of the tribe is the culture of Central Java kingdoms in Java include the existence of a kingdom.

Examples of the kingdom is the kingdom of Mataram. Kingdom of Mataram Yogyakarta is in the lead by a King. From the time that comes monument-building monument of the first major central java, the temples in mainland syiwais soon dieng down Central Java from Sumatra Sailendra dynasty who practice Buddhism unnecessary unless we call here as long as their power only lasts for 60-something years in the west of Yogyakarta is now established in the world of setupa Buddhist Borobudur.

Borobudur Temple was built according to the ancient Javanese tradition as a terraced temple and thus represents the nature raya.dengan Borobudur is a giant mandala in stone, a mystic circle beside the puncture symbolic, as well as having real power that can be produced for the faithful what it symbolized . It may also be that the Borobudur temple and still has another purpose which is a monumental tomb for kings of the ruling dynasty. If so then the Javanese culture taking over foreign religions devoted to the interests of the self, that is to menjawakannya. The tendency is also evident in the replacement jawanisasi sangsakerta language with ancient Javanese language and the development of Java letters that began at that time.

Javanese art

Java System arts community has two types, namely, type of central Java and East Java.

a. Art Central Java types
Being the type of Javanese arts center manifold for example as follows:
1. Dance Example: The art of dance is dance central java type serimpi and dance bambang cakil
2. Tembang art form of folk songs of Java, such as songs Dolanan suwe ora jamu, gek kepiye and pitik tukung
3. Art is a form of puppet theater in Central Java
4. Traditional theater art form of traditional theater in central java include ketoprak.

b. Arts eastern Java types
A form of art as well as the coast and the eastern end of Madura also vary, for example, as follows:
1. Dance and theater among others ngremo dance, dance tayuban and lumping horse dance
2. Art among others wayang wayang beber
3. Sound art which include folk songs seprerti majeng horn (from Madura) and ngidung (from Surabaya)
4. Traditional arts such as theater and kentrung ludruk.

c. Javanese traditional house types, including pyramid style and joglo. The house is a model Situbondo eastern Java traditional house which had the effect of home madura

d. Javanese traditional clothes, menswear, central java is a head covering called kuluk, dressed in a suit Sikepan, kris tucked bodice and at the waist. Wearing a batik cloth with the same pattern and style to women. Women wear long kebaya with batik cloth called bakor mengkurep bun filled with fragrant pandan leaves.

Economic System Java

The system includes the Java community's economy

1) Agriculture
What is meant here consists of paddy agriculture and farming (moor), the main crop is rice. Other crops of corn, sweet potatoes, peanuts, green beans and vegetable mayor, which is generally planted in the field. Rice fields also planted crops, such as tobacco, sugar cane and rosella.

2) Fisheries
The work done quite a lot of good aquaculture and marine fisheries. Cultivated marine fisheries on the north coast of Java Sea. The equipment in the form of hooks, boats, nets and nets

3) Livestock
Animals such as buffaloes, cows, goats, chickens and ducks and others.

4) Craft
Highly advanced craft mainly produces batik, carvings, household appliances, and farm equipment.

The tribal livelihoods in Java or Java masyaraakat usually livelihood farming, farming both in the field and moor, also breeding in general bersipat sideline, but it is also the Java community livelihood Fishermen who usually do the beach.

Social and political systems Javanese

Javanese society still distinguish between classes of aristocracy and the most underprivileged, gentry or bendara Group consists of civil servants and intellectuals. People mostly called grassroots, such as farmers, artisans, and laborers lainnya.priyayi and bendara a top layer, while the grassroots to the bottom layer.

In administrative, a village in Java usually referred headed by a village headman. In doing daily work, a village chief with all helpers called village officials. Village officials have two main tasks, namely tasks village welfare and job security and order police to the village.

The headman assistants chosen by the village head. Headman assistants consists of:
a) Carik, served as a public servant and author village.
b) Java tirta or ulu-ulu, responsible for managing the water kesawah fields.
c) Keep the aged, in charge of maintaining the security of the village.

Sexual Ethics Java

About sexual ethics in Java there is no superior or interior, all men and women alike. Only responsibilities are berbeda.dalam sexual field, Javanese people tend to be assertive. on any celebrations in the village, men and women sit separately.

Parents prohibit loud if her daughter goes to a man. They argue that young people could not contain her emotions, so that they are afraid something happened to his daughter.

Conclusion

Basically in Indonesia is a nation of the most interest among the other nations and tribes among the most number of inhabitants are ethnic Javanese themselves occupying the entire region of Central Java, East Java and West Java. The kinship system adopted by the Java community is based more on the principle of bilateral or parental descent, while the classification system made by force-angkataya. In the system of religion / belief the majority Javanese Islam is a religion professed by the majority of Java Nation tribe. While there are some who embrace Islam are not a Christian, Hindu, Buddhist and Javanese flow. Here are dimasud his adopted Islam Islam and Islamic Students Kejawen.


REFERENCES

  1. Drs.Eddy Supriyatno, 1994. "Reference Material Anthropology of teaching and learning" PT.Rakaditu, Jakarta.
  2. Yad Mulyadi, 1999. "Anthropology" Department of Education and Culture.
  3. Kodiran. 1975, "Javanese Culture", in Koentjaraningrat, Jakarta.
  4. Koentjaraningrat, 1975, "Anthropology in Indonesia", Jakarta.
  5. Edel, May and Abraham edel, 1968. "Anthropology and Ethics. The Press of Case Western Reserve University Press".
  6. Dewey, Alice G. "Anthropology of Religion" New York, 1975.
  7. Kamlah, W, 1973 "philosophische Anthropology", Mannheim / wien / Zurich; Bibliographisches Institute, Jakarta.
  8. Kartodirdjo, 1975 "National History of Indonesia", Jakarta; Ministry of education and culture, Jakarta.
  9. Koentjoroningrat, 1977 "system of mutual help and mutual assistance soul" anthropology in the news, Jakarta
  10. Mulder, Niels. 1973 "Personality of Java and national development". Yigyakarta; Gadjah Mada University press.
  11. Sajogo, 1978 "Layers of the weakest people in rural Java". In prisma.Bandung.

Saturday, May 7, 2011

About Me

History is the title of my blog. I created this blog aims to provide news and knowledge for you to be aware of all the history. You can contact me through email or by phone at arifmajannaii@gmail.com number +6281361193315. Here I will show my full bio.

Biodata

Name: Ibrahim Lubis

TTL: June 8, 1986

Address: Punggulan dsn IV Asahan - North Sumatra

Status: Not Married

Occupation: Teacher

Activities: The activities I was

1. Teaching at the Institute of Education as a Field of Study Arabic Language Teacher, Teacher religion, and English
2. Teaching Private Charity Ikhlas forum in Medan-Helvetia
3. Active as a Lecturer and Pengajian
4. Open a Free Pengajian Field Fiqh

Education

Asahan Elementary School 0834-SU: 1991-1997
MTsS Miftahussalam Asahan: 1997-2000
MAS Al-Wasliyah Asahan: 2001-2004
IAIN-SU Field: 2004-2009
Graduate Field IAIN-SU: 2010-Now (Process Graduation)

Wednesday, April 20, 2011

History of the Kingdom of Majapahit

Majapahit was an ancient kingdom in Indonesia who had stood from about 1293 to 1500 AD This kingdom reached its peak during the reign of Hayam Wuruk, who reigned from 1350 to 1389. Kingdom of Majapahit Hindu-Buddhist kingdom was the last master of the Malay Peninsula and is regarded as one of the greatest countries in the history of Indonesia.Kekuasaannya unfolds in Java, Sumatra, the Malay Peninsula, Borneo, the Sulu Archipelago, Manila (Saludung), to eastern Indonesia, although the area power is debatable.


Historiography

There is little physical evidence remains of Majapahit, and its history is unclear. The main sources used by historians are Pararaton ('Book of Kings') in Kawi language and Nagarakretagama in Old Javanese. Pararaton particularly telling Ken Arok (the founder of the Kingdom Singhasari) but includes several short sections of the formation of Majapahit. Meanwhile, Nagarakertagama an ancient Javanese poem written during the Majapahit golden age under the reign of Hayam Wuruk. After that, the thing that happens is not clear. In addition, there are several inscriptions in Old Javanese language and history of China and other countries.

The accuracy of all Javanese manuscripts are contested. There is no denying that the resources it contains the non-historical and mythical. Some scholars like C.C. Berg considers all of the text is not a record of the past, but have meaning in terms of the supernatural can know the future. However, there are many scholars who argue that the outline of these sources can be accepted as consistent with historical records of China, especially the list of rulers and kingdoms situation seemed pretty sure.


Established history of Majapahit

After Singhasari expel Sriwijaya of Java as a whole in 1290, Singhasari be the most powerful empire in the region. This is a concern of Kublai Khan, the ruler of the Yuan Dynasty in China. He sent a messenger named Meng Chi [9] to Singhasari demanding tribute. Kertanagara, the last ruler of the kingdom Singhasari refused to pay tribute and embarrass messenger by destroying his face and cut off his ear.


Kublai Khan was angry and then despatch the expedition to Java in 1293.

At that time, Jayakatwang, duke of Kediri, was killed Kertanagara. On the advice of Aria Wiraraja, Jayakatwang pardoned the Raden Wijaya, son Kertanegara, who came to surrender. Raden Wijaya then given Tarik forest. He opened the forest and build a new village. The village was named Majapahit, which was named after maja fruit, and taste "bitter" of the fruit. When the Mongols arrived, Wijaya allied with the Mongols to fight Jayakatwang. Raden Wijaya Mongolnya allies turned on them, forcing them pull back its troops home as chaotic as they were in foreign territory. [11] [12] It was also their last chance to catch the monsoon winds to go home, or they should be forced to wait six months in a foreign island.

The exact date is used as the date of birth of the Majapahit kingdom is the day of the coronation as king Raden Wijaya, the date of 10 November 1293. He was named the official name Kertarajasa Jayawardhana. The kingdom is facing the problem. Some people trusted Kertarajasa, including Ranggalawe, Sora, and Nambi rebelled against him, though the rebellion was unsuccessful. Slamet Muljana Mahapatih Halayudha suspect that was the conspiracy to overthrow all the people trusted the king, so that he can reach the highest positions in government. But after the death last rebel (Kuti), Halayudha arrested and jailed, and then sentenced to death. [12] Wijaya died in 1309.

Son and successor Wijaya, Jayanegara, is the master of evil and immoral. He was named Kala Gemet, which means "weak villain". In 1328, Jayanegara killed by tabibnya, Tanca. Gayatri Rajapatni stepmother is supposed to replace, but Rajapatni resigned from the palace and a priestess. Rajapatni appoint his daughter to become queen Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi Majapahit. During power Tribhuwana, Majapahit kingdom become larger and well-known in the area. Tribhuwana control of Majapahit until the death of his mother in 1350. He continued by his son, Hayam Wuruk.


Glory of Majapahit

Hayam Wuruk, also called Rajasanagara, Majapahit ruled from 1350 to 1389. At the time of Majapahit reached its peak with the help of mahapatihnya, Gajah Mada. Under the command of Gajah Mada (1313-1364), the Majapahit control more territory. In 1377, several years after the death of Gajah Mada and Majapahit sea attack to Palembang, [2] led to the collapse of the remnants of the kingdom of Srivijaya.

According Kakawin Nagarakretagama stanza XIII-XV, Majapahit territory covers Sumatra, the Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara islands, Maluku, Papua, and some islands of the Philippines [13]. However, the natural and economic constraints suggest that the areas of power does not seem to be at the mercy of centralized Majapahit, but connected to one another by trading which may be monopoly by King [14]. Majapahit also has a relationship with Campa, Cambodia, Siam, southern Burma, and Vietnam, and even sent his envoys to the Chinese ambassador


The fall of Majapahit

After reaching its peak in the 14th century, Majapahit power gradually weakened. Apparently civil war (War Paregreg) in the year 1405-1406, the Wirabhumi against Wikramawardhana. Similarly, there has been a change of kings who contested the 1450's, and the great rebellion waged by a nobleman in 1468 [7].

In Java, there is a tradition or candrasengkala kronogram that reads gone ilang kretaning earth. Sengkala this is supposedly the year end of Majapahit and should be read as 0041, the year 1400 Saka or 1478 AD. Meaning sengkala is "gone gone prosperity of the earth". However, the truth is illustrated by the death of Bre candrasengkala Kertabumi, the 11th king of Majapahit, by Girindrawardhana.

When Majapahit was founded, Muslim traders and missionaries have started entering the archipelago. At the end of the 14th century and beginning of the 15th century, the influence of Majapahit in the archipelago began to decrease. At the same time, a new trading empire based on Islam, the Sultanate of Malacca, began to appear in the western part of the archipelago.

The historical record of Chinese, Portuguese (Tome Pires), and Italy (Pigafetta) indicate that there has been a transfer of power from the hands of the Hindu Majapahit into the hands of the Duke of Unus, the ruler of the Sultanate of Demak, between the years 1518 and 1521 AD


Majapahit kings

Here is a list of rulers of Majapahit. Note that there is a gap between government Rajasawardhana period (8th ruler) and Girishawardhana that may result from a succession crisis that solves the Majapahit royal family into two groups.

1. Raden Wijaya, title Kertarajasa Jayawardhana (1293 - 1309)
2. Kalagamet, styled Sri Jayanagara (1309 - 1328)
3. Sri Gitarja, title Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi (1328 - 1350)
4. Hayam Wuruk, styled Sri Rajasanagara (1350 - 1389)
5. Wikramawardhana (1389 - 1429)
6. Suhita (1429 - 1447)
7. Kertawijaya, holds UB I (1447 - 1451)
8. Rajasawardhana, title of UB II (1451 - 1453)
9. Purwawisesa or Girishawardhana, UB title III (1456 - 1466)
10. Bhre Pandansalas, or Suraprabhawa, UB title IV (1466 - 1468)
11. Bhre Kertabumi, title UB V (1468 - 1478)
12. Girindrawardhana, UB title VI (1478 - 1498)
13. Hudhara, UB title VII (1498-1518) [24]


REFERENCES

  1. D.G.E. Hall (1956). "Problems of Indonesian Historiography". Pacific Affairs 38 (3/4): 353-359.
  2.  Ricklefs (1991), page 19
  3.  Prapantja, Rakawi, trans. by Theodore Gauthier Pigeaud, Java in the 14th Century, A Study in Cultural History: The State-Kertagama by Pakawi Parakanca of Majapahit, 1365 AD (The Hague, Martinus Nijhoff, 1962), vol. 4, p. 29. 34; G.J. Resink, Indonesia's History Between the Myths: Essays in Legal History and Historical Theory (The Hague: W. van Hoeve, 1968), p. 21.
  4. Taylor, Jean Gelman (23 March 2010). Indonesia: Peoples and Histories. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. pp. pp.29. ISBN 0-300-10518-5.

Sunday, January 2, 2011

History of the Google Search Engine

History of the Google Search Engine
Google is the search engine on the Internet are based in the United States. Google is one of the most popular search engines on the web and receive at least 200 million search queries each day through its website and clients websites such as America Online (AOL). Google's headquarters are located (at the "Googleplex") in Mountain View, California.


History

Google started a research project two Ph.D. students Stanford University, Larry Page and Sergey Brin in early 1996 who developed the theory that a search engine based on the mathematical analysis of the relationship between these web sites will give better results than by using basic search techniques used at the time. It was originally called BackRub because backlinks to estimate a site's importance.

Convinced that the pages with the most links to that page from the pages of other highly relevant web pages that are most relevant, Page and Brin decided to try their thesis as part of their study - it became the foundation for their search engine. They officially formed their company Google Inc.. on 7 September 1998.

Google became popular among Internet users for the simple design and the 'clean' and relevant search results. Advertising is sold based on keywords (keywords) so that they become more relevant for users, and the ads were text-only designs to keep the page tidy and keep the page loading fast. The concept of selling ads based on keywords preceded by the Overture which formerly GoTo.com. At a time when most other dotcom companies went bankrupt, Google quietly strengthen its influence and profits.

In September 2001, Google's ranking mechanism (PageRank) was granted a U.S. patent. The patent was officially assigned to the Leland Stanford University and lists Lawrence Page as the inventor.

In February 2003, Google bought Pyra Labs, owner of Blogger, a pioneer and leader website hosting weblog. This acquisition seemed inconsistent with the general mission of Google, but this move makes Google can use the information from blog postings to improve the speed and relevance of the articles on Google News.

During its peak in early 2004, Google handled almost 80 percent of all search queries on the Internet through its website and clients like Yahoo!, AOL and CNN. Google's share dropped from Yahoo! releasing Google's search technology in February 2004 in order to be able to use their independent search results.


Other Essays About Google History.

unique name, unique history

Who is not familiar with Google. For all the surfers of cyber world would have been very familiar with Google's Om. Google is very popular with the search engines in the cyberspace wilderness. All you need to do is type in the desired password then Om Google will track and find any information you want. Google with two "o" was unique, because if the data search results are found, the number of "o" will appear as obtained by Web search engines.

The word comes from the word Googlo Google. The word was coined by Milton Sirotta, nephew of a mathematician Edward Kasner from the U.S.. Sirotta make Googlo term to put the number 1 (one) followed by 100 the number 0 (zero), therefore the use of the word Google is a reflection of the word Googlo.

But do you know, Google is not only unique source said. Google also has a unique historical background. I was born from a meeting of the two young men who happened by accident in 1995. Larry Page, an alumnus of the University of Michigan, who was enjoying a weekend visit, accidentally met with Sergey Brin, one of the students who got the task of dropping the circumference Lary.

In a meeting earlier accident, the two founders of Google are often involved lengthy discussions. Both have different opinions and views that are often involved in the debate. However, the difference in their thinking would result in a unique approach in solving one of the biggest challenges in the world of computers. Namely, the problem of how to recover data from massive data sets.

In January 1996, Larry and Sergey began to collaborate in making search engine called BackRub. A year later, their unique approach to network analysis BackRub lift reputation. News of the new techniques the search engines directly spread to the campus. Larry and Sergey continued to refine the technology Google during early 1998. Both also began looking for investors to develop the sophisticated technology of Google.

Tit for tat was parried. They received an injection of funds from the college friend, Andy Bechtolsheim, a founder of Sun Microsystems. Pertemuana they occurred in the early morning on the porch dorm Stanford faculty, in Palo Alto. Larry and Sergey gave a brief demo because Andy did not have a long time.

Through the demo that Andy agreed to provide financial assistance in the form of a check for 100 thousand dollars. Unfortunately, the check was written on behalf of Google. Yet when it was a company called Google has not been founded by Sergey and Larry.

Investments from Andy becomes a dilemma. Larry and Sergey could not check during telecasts of no legal institution called the company Google. Therefore, the two founders of Google is back working hard in seeking investment. They are looking for funding from among family, friends, and colleagues collected funds until approximately 1 million dollars. And finally, companies can also set up Google on 7 Septembar 1998 and officially opened in Menlo Park, California.

Google's mission is, "to collect the world's information and make it universally accessible and useful." Google's philosophy includes slogans like "Don` t be evil ", and" should have held the work and the challenge should be fun ", describing the relaxed corporate culture.

Currently, Google is a company categorized as number one in the top 100 of the most popular in America, with a headcount of about 10 thousand people.