History of Toxins

Toxins has been known since the time of Ancient. Hunted animals die from poison arrows smeared. Too many events, people die from poisoning. Even in Indonesia, human rights activist Munir also believed to have died of poisoning. How history poison? In English, the poisons are called toxins. The word is derived from the Greek term 'toxicon' which refers to poison arrows.

The early history of the poison, as written in wikipedia, is closely associated with myths and beliefs. 2500 BC, the Sumerians worshiped a goddess known toxin called sugar. a Greek mythology, there are few references on poisons, among which are kosah about Medea, granddaughter of Helios (the sun god). Medea wanted to kill her stepson, Theseus with wine toxin. but, the effort was thwarted by Aegeus, Medea husband. The oldest writings about the toxins found in Egypt and dates to the years around 3000 BC and documents about the poisonous plant research conducted by Menes, the king of Egypt.

In the history of Greece, the poison has been used as a so-called death penalty Country or State Poison Poison. One of the philosophers who ever put to death in this way is a Socrates. During the reign of the Roman Empire, poisoning at dinner time, especially among the upper classes became commonplace. [5] This is one way to get rid of family members who are not favored, as he had done by the 246-year Nero. in BC, Chinese developed a ritual drama called Chou, in which there are 5 kinds of ritual burning poison.

Entering the Middle Ages, in the year 8 AD, the toxin developed because Arab chemists managed to convert arsenic into powder which is odorless and tasteless so the detection of the toxin was difficult diketahui.Di that time, toxins commonly traded in pharmacies and obtained by the public with easy. A variety of academic texts about the poison was also written by the monks, one of which is The Book of Venoms (1424) by Magister Santes de Ardonis which contains toxins that are known at that time, the mechanism works, and how to cure.

In the 14th century and 15, Italian chemists trying to make poison stronger than ever and it spread from Italy to Paris.Usaha to restrict the sale of poisons made by Louis XIV in 1662 which introduced a rule banning pharmacies for selling toxic compounds, except to buyers who had registered their destination. In 1836 and 1841, Marsh and separately Riensch successfully developed a method for detecting arsenic so many people who commit crimes, especially murder by poison eventually be arrested. In the 20th century, the poison began to study to be used as a weapon. Also encourage the growth of the field of toxicology berkembangan control systems and the spread of toxic compounds. Not only in the archipelago, the use of poison has been widely applied to many centuries ago for a variety of purposes. Detikhealth revealed, some motive or purpose of use of toxins in the past include:

1. Get rid of opponents

In the Roman Empire, poison often used to kill political opponents, business competitors, or those who are considered dangerous. Because of the rampant practice of this dirty, poison scourge of the Roman Empire. And finally a dictator Lucius Cornelius reformers felt it needed a legal first in the world on a poison called Lex Cornelia.

2. Capital punishment

The use of injectable toxins for executions was implemented in some countries. The Greeks were the first to introduce the poison as a form of capital punishment. Ironically, Socrates was a great philosopher who undergo this execution. Unlike the death penalty in the modern era, Socrates 'requested' drank poison to end his life.

3. Motif Asmara

Suicide drinking poison insects because love is no longer a surprise. It could be the culprit inspired by the tragic story of Romeo and Juliet. Two lovebirds under the age of dying by drinking poison because her love was blessed each family.

4. Ritual

Since the period of 246 years before Christ, the Chinese have preserved the ritual drama called Chou. This ritual consists 6 using feather ceremonial dances accompanied by burning 5 types of toxins, which poison cinnabar or mercury, or arsenic realger, green vitriol or copper sulfate, lodestone and other toxins are not known.

5. Not Strong Bear the Shame or Defeat

In recorded history, narrated Queen Cleopatra of Egypt end his life by reaching into a nest of snakes poisonous. Cleopatra is the lover of Julius Caesar, the Roman leader. After Caesar died, he had a relationship with one of the later Roman leader, Mark Anthony.

Cleopatra accompany Anthony in battle in Greece. Unfortunately Anthony Roman defeat and went home to his country and then commit suicide. The Queen is also home to Egypt and followed her lover to the afterlife.

History Of Cartoon Movie

Before the cartoon known, there is only a cartoon. The word comes from the English cartoon cartoon or in Italian, cartoon which means heavy paper. Originally cartoon refers to the sense of drawing a plan, in the fine arts or cartoon is a rough sketch of the beginning of the canvas or on the walls of the building architectural ornament such as mosaic, glass and fresco (Marianto in Indarto, 1999:13). Arkeoleogis evidence has found a cartoon or caricature is found on the walls and flower vase in ancient Egypt and ancient Greece (Digest, January 1992).

The Renaissance period in the 16th century, Michaelangelo buo narotti fresco wear cartoon in working on the story of the creation of man is very well known and until now can be seen in the Sistine Chapel. (Marianto in Indarto, 1999:13). Leonardo da Vinci in his work entitled The Virgin and Child with St. Anne and St. John the Baptist, is a cartoon created by Leonardo da Vinci in the original meaning. A full-length cartoon drawn on paper as a study for further proceedings a artworks, such as paintings or tapestries. World-class collection of cartoons by Peter Paul Rubens for a large tapestry of a collection of John and Mable Ringling can be seen in the Museum of Art in Sarasota, Florida.

Cartoon, entitled Substance and Shadow by John Leech is an allusion prepared for the construction of fresco in the New Palace of Westminster (1843), and then created the modern sense of the word "cartoon" in the modern print media, a cartoon illustration usually aimed humor. Fresco himself is the art of drawing on glass with beautiful colors and illustrates a legend or myth in European society. This concept came into use from 1843 when a paper Punch applying the term to satirical drawings in one of its pages, particularly sketches made by John Leech. Beginning of a cartoon parody fresco seen in new historic palace of Westminster. The original title for the image created by the carpenters pencil (illustrator) Punch and new title "cartoon" meant for something that is ironic, with reference to the attitude of politicians enriching themselves from the west.

1900 editorial cartoonist, Sir David Law from New Zealand to make the character on himself "Colonel Blimp", the old reactionary military figure. Low began his career as a cartoonist in 1914 and in 1919, he moved to England. Associated with the development of the cartoons in chronological order, the period 1930-1940 is the popularity of comic books, whereas in 1935 to 1945 (post-World War II) represents the popularity of the comics humor.

Technical past in publishing the cartoons (before the development of printing and color separation) is the manual way in which cartoonists draw directly on top of the block box, after drawing can definitely pencil or pen, then carve carver fit line streaks. This process takes approximately 24 hours. The continued development of printing techniques cartoon creation process to be more effective and efficient especially after the development of digital techniques.

Along with the advancement of age innovations on hold cartoonists cartoons, which then led to cartoons. Early emergence of cartoons as cartoons cartoon drawings moves spearheaded by the shape of a horse which is produced from a photograph made by Edweard Muybridge in the 19th century. Simple picture is between comic strips and early animated movies. 'Cartoon' refers to the animation, where the term is a common thing in the next development.

Cartoons can be seen on television screens or in the cinema and was made by drawing illustrations are made as if it could move. The word cartoon (cartoon) is usually shortened to toon, it was popularized by the film starring Rogger Rabbit. Cartoons mostly into consumption program that includes children's fable, superhuman, adventure and cartoon theme type to another.

History of Aquarium

On this occasion yusro will share the history and benefits Aquarium. Friend before ever know all about the history of the aquarium or not anyone is interested but has not had time to have it, with a presence in our home aquarium is not only useful as a decoration, but there are other benefits behind it . Derived from the Ocean Aquarium and rium. Ocean derived from English, which means sea or ocean, while the word rium is a fragment of a word that means place an aquarium.

Based on the large Indonesian dictionaries, Aquarium is the place to maintain ornamental fish; Where Aquarium was similar to the one tangk ecosystem contains many components interact with each other so that the whole system running. Originally aquarium use began during the Romans and Egyptians, at the time put the fish in a container which will be aimed as a store of fresh fish supplies.

Selective breeding in China began about 2000 years ago. In the Song Dynasty in China, goldfish kept in the house began in large ceramic vessels (Boediono Mismail "Coral Reef Aquarium" UB Publisher Printing Press I, 2010).

At this time, Aquarium benefit right to decorate the room in which the presence of Aquariums can provide satisfaction and peace of mind as well as decorative home furnishings. Here are some benefits of aquariums in everyday life:

• Inspiring. because the aquarium in order to calm the mind with good people who see it, so that will increase the imagination and passion to create something.
• Optimizing hobby. In general, people keep the fish in a container in the aquarium hobby is because utilizing spare time or after doing the routine, but if in your field this hobby can provide income opportunities sideline.
• Regenerate naturally developed affection on us.
• Clear the mind, where the beauty of the aquarium with fish in it can neutralize the feeling that anything to do with health. Beauty and fish movement often gives away the main attraction capable of hearts and minds at peace.

Well from away to refresh our minds by going to a distant place and sometimes crowded we'd better set aside some money we are to have the aquarium, because then we can refresh our minds anytime without travel far away.

For yusro friends who are interested in having aquarium can find more information about the aquarium and ornamental fish in the market place nearby ornamental fish sales in the area around you, there is guaranteed we will get a lot of information about the aquarium and ornamental fish species. And friends all need to remember that life in the aquarium can provide valuable lessons that we still need a touch of nature to make life more beautiful and meaningful.