History of the Penataran Temple in Indonesia

Penataran temple is one of the historical relics of the temple which is very fascinating when viewed from the side of beauty and culture. Upgrading is the enshrinement of the temple complex is the largest in East Java . Based on the Department of Antiquities know 1914-1915 report number 2045 and Verbeek record number 563 , Temple kekunaan Upgrading a building consisting of multiple clusters of so -called complex enshrinement . The location of the temple is located in the southwestern slopes of Mount Kelud at an altitude of 450 meters above sea level , the village Upgrading , Nglegok Subdistrict , Blitar .

Penataran temple discovered in 1815 , but until 1850 had not been known. The inventor was Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles (1781-1826) , Governor -General of the British colonial power ever in the archipelago . Since the collapse of the Majapahit kingdom which was followed by the introduction of Islam , many sacred buildings associated with the Hindu and Buddhist communities simply abandoned by its adherents . Long sacred buildings are no longer used the forgotten people because most people have changed the trust . As a result, the building became derelict no longer take care of it , eventually buried in landslides and bush scrub . But over time , the temple complex that formerly had neglected Upgrading now starting to get the attention of the government . So for the time being has become the temple complex as a beautiful tourist destination and attractive .

Location the Temple Penataran

Penataran temple is the only temple largest in East Java . Upgrading location is situated in the village , subdistrict Nglegok , Blitar . Precisely in the southwestern slopes of Mount Kelud at an altitude of 450 meters above sea level . To arrive at the enshrinement location can be reached from the city center to the north of Blitar is to majors tomb Bung Karno . The distance between the city and up to an estimated 12 Km location . When taken from the town of Blitar , after reaching 10 km, after arriving at the village market Nglegok , then forwarded to the market Upgrading then turn left toward enshrinement . Upgrading from market junction up to the location just a 300 meter . For visitors coming from Malang can be reached via a T-junction and then turn right Garum village as far as approximately 5 Km 've arrived at the location of enshrinement .

The number of visitors of the temple Upgrading is high . According to the average number of visitors in a month to reach about 20,000 to 25,000 people . That is a considerable amount when compared to the other temple visitors . Every tourist as required to stop by the temple Upgrading and it is not valid if it traveled to East Java without a stop at the temple Upgrading. Those interested in kekunikan of the temple itself , which could be the object of shooting , a source of inspiration for artists and the land for the small traders for selling food or souvenirs vehicle care and tour guides to transportation agencies .

Penataran temple monuments including the dead ( dead monument ) means nothing to do anymore with the beliefs held today's society . The temple building no longer serves as a place of worship or as a place of meditation, but as a tourist . The pengnjung which comes in order to enjoy the art and culture of antiquity and science . Now 800 years have passed , the temple complex of Upgrading still standing in its original place with full of elegance and grandeur .

History of the Brahu Temple in Indonesia

Brahu is one of the temples that exist within the site Trowulan Majapahit Kingdom . Brahu existed before the reign of King Hayam Wuruk also estimated existing even before the time of King Brawijaya I. It could be argued that Brahu is the oldest temple in comparison to other temples in the area Trowulan site . Brahu established by MPU Sindok yet he is the king of the ancient Mataram kingdom in Central Java . It is described on the linked name Brahu thought to have originated from the word ' Wanaru ' or ' Warahu ' , which is the name of a sacred religious buildings mentioned in the copper inscription ' Alasantan ' found approximately 45 meters to the west of Brahu . This inscription was made in the year 861 Saka or , rather, 9 September 939 AD on the orders of King MPU Sindok of Kahuripan . Of narrative inscription was explained that Brahu period established by MPU Sindok temple is older than the other temples even older than the kingdom of Majapahit . At the time of the Majapahit Empire , Brahu used as a persembayangan or a sacred building that used to berdoa.Hal can be seen from the findings that were in the temple as some objects are often the tools of religious ceremonies such as ceremonial tools of metal .

According to some studies , Brahu expressed as Buddhist temples . This presumption arises because the temple stupa intensification Brahu has become characteristic for Buddhist temples . Besides the shape of Brahu more different than the other temples on the site Trowulan Majapahit Empire, body shape Brahu square indecisive but many angled , obtuse and notched . The middle part of her body curved into a waist like . Indentation is reinforced by the pattern of bricks on the west wall or front wall of the temple .

The roof of the temple is also not shaped prism -shaped or rectangular tiered , angular but many with a flat top , it gave rise to the notion that Brahu founded not in the kingdom of Majapahit , but the temple was built before the Majapahit Kingdom . In addition another assumption stating that Brahu a Buddhist temple is the discovery of some ancient objects . Around the temple complex Brahu 've found ancient objects , including ceremonial instrument of metal , jewelry and objects of gold , and metal statues where it shows the characteristic of Buddhism . Thus it can be concluded that the temple is a Buddhist temple Brahu .

History of the Rat Temple in Indonesia

Rat Temple is pertirtaan, made ​​of red stone , except fountains made ​​of stones. And building approximately 3.50 m below the ground surface , a square shape with a size of 22.5 mx 22.5 m . Named as the Rat Temple in 1914 in the area under attack Temon rat , so that residents have problems and crop failure . Then the public deliberation of how to overcome the rat . Then hold a public consensus pegejaran and nest excavation tikis mass . So that each nest to be excavated , the excavation there ternyta slah the findings terminatur temple , which at that time this location is where the tomb mound and local people .

Then the temple terminatur findings reported to the regents mojokerto named R. A. Kromodjojo Adinegoro . The permission of the archaeological department at that time was called Oudheldkundige dients . Excavations reveal the whole building was completed in 1916 , the establishment of which is estimated at VIII to XIV century . However , the function of the temple is not known for certain , by looking at the shape is a sacred bathing . The composition of the temple mountain symbolizing Mahameru dwelling place of the gods and the source of all life that is realized in the form of a flowing water fountains located along the foot of the temple .

Rat Temple is located in Temon village , District Trowulan , Mojokerto . Rat Temple is pertirtaan buildings . It is evident from the miniature temple in the middle bangunanya symbolizing Mount Mahameru dwelling place of the gods and the source of all life that is realized in the form of a flowing water fountains / jaladwara found along the foot of the temple 

History of the Stone Age

Stone Age is a period when humans are the dominant tools made ​​of stone even though there are tools supporting human life is made ​​of wood or bamboo . But the tools are made ​​of wood or bone does not leave a mark at all . This is because these materials are not durable . In this age of the tools produced are still very rough ( simple ) just because subsistence only. Old stone age is expected to last approximately 600,000 years ago , during the Pleistocene ( diluvium ) . At the time of this paleolithikum , the tools they produce is still very rough .

Paleolithic or old stone age is called so because the tools manmade stone still roughly trimmed , honed or polished no . When viewed from the corner of his living this period is called period of hunting and gathering food simple level . Human support today is Pithecantropus Erectus , Homo Wajakensis , Meganthropus paleojavanicus and Homo Soloensis . These fossils are found along the river Bengawan Solo . They have a culture and Ngandong Pacitan . 

Culture Pacitan in 1935 , Von Koenigswald finding stone tools and axes handheld Pacitan area . How it works gripped by hand . The ax in the kingdom is still very rough manner . Experts call tool at the time by the name Paleolithikum chopper . This tool is found in the layer Sandpipers . Besides in Pacitan , the tools of this era found in the area Paleplithikum Progo and Gombong ( Central Java ) , Sukabumi ( West Java ) , and Lahat ( South Sumatra ) .