The concept of computer network born in the 1940s in America of a development project in the computer lab I MODEL Bell and Harvard University research group led by professor H. Aiken . At first the project simply want to take advantage of a computer device that must be used together . To carry out the process without much wasting some free time made the streak ( Batch Processing) , so that multiple programs can be run in a computer with the rules of the queue .
Year 1950 when the types of computers began to swell until the creation of a super computer, a computer must serve multiple terminals ( see Figure 1 ) was found for the distribution of time-based concept known as TSS ( Time Sharing System ) , then for the first time form network ( network) applied computer . In some terminal TSS system connected in series to a host computer . In the process began to appear TSS blend of computer technology and telecommunications technology that was originally grown on their own .
Entering the 1970s , after the workload increased and the price of a large computer devices began to feel very expensive , then start to use the concept of process distribution ( Distributed Processing ) . As in Figure 2 , in this process some of the host computer is doing a great job in parallel to serve multiple terminals which are connected in series in each host computer . Dala distribution process has been absolutely necessary blend of deep between computer technology and telecommunications , because in addition to the process that must be distributed , the host computer must serve all the terminals in a single command from the computer center .
TYPES OF COMPUTER NETWORK
In general, a computer network is divided into five types , namely ;
1 . Local Area Network ( LAN )
Local Area Network ( LAN ) , a private network within a building or campus-sized to several kilometers . LANs are often used to connect personal computers and workstations in a corporate office or factories to use shared resources ( eg printers ) and exchange information .
2 . Metropolitan Area Network ( MAN )
Metropolitan Area Network ( MAN ) , essentially a version of the larger LAN and normally uses the same technology as the LAN . MAN can include corporate offices are located adjacent or also a town and can be used for private purposes ( private ) or public . MAN is able to support data and voice , can even relate to the cable television network .
3 . Wide Area Network ( WAN )
Wide Area Network ( WAN ) , the range covers a wide geographical area , often covering a country or even continent . WAN consists of a collection of machines intended to run programs ( applications ) user .
4 . Internet
Actually there are many world networks , often using hardware and software that is different . People who are connected to the network often expect to be able to communicate with other people who are connected to other networks . Desire like this requires a relationship between network often not kampatibel and different . Usually to do this requires a machine called a gateway to engage and carry out the necessary translation , both hardware and software . This is a collection of interconnected networks called the Internet .
5 . Wireless Network
Wireless networks is a solution to the communication can not be done with the wired network . For example, people who want to get information or to communicate despite being located above a car or an airplane , it is absolutely necessary because the cable network without a wired connection may not be made in a car or plane . Nowadays wireless networks have been rapidly adopted by utilizing satellite services and is able to provide faster access speeds than the wired network .
