History of Java

Java programming language is the first born of The Green Project , which runs for 18 months , from early 1991 until the summer of 1992 . The project is not using a version called Oak . The project was led by Patrick Naughton , Mike Sheridan , James Gosling and Bill Joy , along with nine other programmers from Sun Microsystems . One result of this project was made ​​by the Duke mascot Joe Palrang .

Project meeting took place in an office building Sand Hill Road in Menlo Park . Around the summer of 1992 the project was closed by generating a Java program first Oak , which is intended as a hardware controller with touch screen technology (touch screen ) , as in today's PDAs . The new technology is called " * 7 " ( Seven Star ) .

After the era of Star Seven completed , a subsidiary of Cable tv plus a few people interested in the project The Green Project . They are concentrating their activities on an office space at 100 Hamilton Avenue , Palo Alto .

The company recently increased forward : increasing the number of employees in a short period of 13 to 70 people . At the time span is well established use of the Internet as a medium that bridges work and ideas between them . In the early 1990s , the Internet is still a stub , which is used only in academic circles and the military .

They make the browser ( browser ) Mosaic as an initial basis for making the first Java browser called Web Runner , inspired by the 1980 movie , Blade Runner . In the development of the first release , the Web Runner renamed Hot Java .

In about March 1995 , for the first time the Java source code version 1.0a2 opened . Their success was followed by news for the first time in the newspaper San Jose Mercury News on May 23, 1995 . Honey discord among them one day at 04.00 in a hotel room Sheraton Palace . Three of the main leaders of the project , Eric Schmidt and George Paolini from Sun Microsystems with Marc Andreessen , Netscape form .

Oak name , taken from an oak tree that grew in front of the workspace window " Father of Java " James Gosling . Oak 's name is not used for Java release version as a other software already registered with the trademark , so that the replacement name is " Java " . The name is taken from the ground pure coffee beans directly from ( brewed coffee ) A Gosling . It is said that this coffee comes from the island of Java . So the name of the Java programming language is nothing but derived from the Javanese (English for Java is Java ) .

History of Beatbox

Beat boxing is one art form that focuses in producing rhythmic sounds and drum beats , musical instruments , and imitation of other sounds , especially the sound of turntables , through the human vocal organs such as the mouth , tongue , lips , and cavity - said another cavity . Players beatbox or better known as beatboxer , able to demonstrate any form of sounds with the powerful . Beat box is always associated with vocal percussion and with multi vocalism. Although basically the same , but in general the difference lies in its association with the beat box culture and Hip Hop music . However , in practice beatbox also applied to other musical genres such as Rock , Pop , R & B , and so on .

Traditional

Imitation is already known to the public voice of the world since time immemorial . Although there is no direct relationship with Hip Hop culture , arts like music vocal percussion Bol in India , Kouji in China , as well as techniques of African percussion vokla also form the basis for beatboxing . In Indonesia alone there Kecak dance which background music is a blend of sounds from a particular vocabulary .

Era of Hip Hop

Beatbox in the world of Hip Hop became known in the 1980s . The word " beat box " literally refers to the first generation of drum machines , therefore the beatboxer in that era often referred to as " the Human Beat Box " . Musicians who became a pioneer Doug E. diataranya Fresh , Darren " Buffy " Robinson of the group The Fatboys , and Leonardo " Wise " Roman of Stetsasonic . Each musician pioneered the distinctive features and different styles and inspire generations berikunya beatboxer . In addition to generating knocking sound and rhythm , in this era of musicians Biz Markie also memperknalkan MCing and singing techniques combined with percussive sounds .

Modern era

In the 1990s, many musicians beatbox berkonstibusi and also in the spread beatbox all over the world. Beatboxer is quite famous among other Vaughan Chadderton , Rahzel , Kenny Muhammad , and Matisyahu. The development of the Internet is also a positive impact on the development beatbox all over the world .

In 2005 , for the first time beatboxing world championship was held in Leipzig , Germany . This championship was followed by a beatboxer from all over the world such as Tom Thumb and Joel Turner from Australia , White Noise of Ireland , Roxorloops of Belgiua ) , Poizunus of Canada , as well as Faith SFX from England . At the end of the championship , dinobatkanlah Joel Turner from Australia as the winner pertamannya . While the runner - up was given to Roxorloop of Belgium .

History of the Elevator

Ranging from ancient times to the middle ages and into the 13th century , human and animal power is the driving force . In 1850 was introduced steam and hydraulic elevators . Occurred in 1852 a new chapter in the history of the invention of the elevator is the first safe elevator by Elisha Graves Otis World .

The first passenger elevators installed by Otis in New York in 1857 . After Otis' death in 1861 , his son , Charles and Norton developed the legacy left by creating Otis Brothers & Co. . in 1867 . In 1873 more than 2000 Otis elevators have been used in office buildings , hotels , and department stores throughout the United States, and five years later the Otis hydraulic passenger elevators first . Era Skyscraper issued in 1889 Otis electric elevator engine direct -connected geared very successful first .

In 1903 , Otis introduced the design that would become the backbone of the elevator industry gearless traction electric elevator is designed and proven to outlast the building itself . This leads to a growing era of high-rise structures , including most notably the Empire State Building and the World Trade Center in New York , the John Hancock Center in Chicago and the CN Tower in Toronto .

Over the years , some of the innovations made by Otis in the field of automatic control of the Signal Control System , Peak Period Control , Systems and Multiple Zoning Autotronic Otis . Otis is a world leader in the development of computer technology and the company has made a revolution in the elevator control so as to create a dramatic improvement in terms of reaction time elevators and elevator ride quality .

History of Clowning

Clown is an entertainer who furnishes her face with a thick powder and dressed weird, and demonstrate fluent expression - expression funny . Professional clown is actually quite old . That said , since the times of ancient Greece and ancient Rome.

They not only make the rich laugh that stress through the show . But also entertain and make a living on the streets or are known as street singing . With the ability to mime the movements slapstik silly , they may be one of the oldest street vendors in the world of entertainment .

In the Middle Ages around 500 - 1500 AD is exactly the character of a very famous clown . European Society kususnya Italy , know as Arlecchino or Harlequin clown . Popularized theatrical group called Comedia del l' arte . Costumes used are still very simple , yet seheboh or today.

Arlecchino

While the clown clothing as it is known today is actually the result of developments in the ever popular costume Germany and the UK , around the 18th century . at that time Pickellhering Mime makeup and style so famous . Characteristics baggy clothes and shoes , colorful headgear and large circular lace around the neck of the clown .

In the 18th century it is also a clown began to be an important part of the circus . Understandably wrote the name right contents circus acrobat tense , well this is the presence of a strange creature into laughter anglers and is expected to be a tense nerve relaxants . Until now , the actions of these clowns into the eyes awaited event .

One of the pioneers of the use of modern clown costume circus star at the same time in the early 18th century is a character created Jocy Joseph Grimaldi . Jocy purported advantages that make it memorable in the history  of Clown is its ability to turn the clown character played . Jocy not just funny , but it also plays through the audience feeling sad expression , even fear .

Joseph Grimaldi

Towards the era of modern cinema , clown character inspired many prominent entertainment business . Comedian Charlie Chaplin and Buster Keaton , for example adopting the spirit of the clown in all not speak movie . Begin a new era   Clown, from street busking beginning now become an integral part of the entertainment business .

History of Billiard

Beginning

Beginning history of the sport Billiar is long and rich . This game has been played by kings to commoners. The game was played in the park as well as a popular croquet played in Eastern Europe and France in the 15th century . At the end of the game moved into the room with the table given the green cloth to resemble grass . Added a small border on the edge of the table . Ball ball driven more by long wood called " mace " . The word billiard alone is estimated to come from the word " billart " which means wooden sticks or " bille ' meaning ball . At first , the game is played with two balls on the table with six pockets like in the game of croquet wicket and straight sticks used as targets .

Game of croquet

Entering the 18th century , the goal and the target was no longer used , just balls - balls and pockets - pockets only. Since the early 1800s , the game is widely played by the nobility therefore the game is never popular with the name of the Noble Game of Billiards . But many also evidence that shows that the game has been played by people from different social levels . In the 1600s , the game is already well known . Shakespeare also mentions the game in his " Antony and Cleopatra " . 75 years later the first book about the regulations - regulations issued billiards .

A tool used

New Billiard  stick was developed in the late 1600s. When the ball is near the edge of the table , the stick is difficult to use because of the large end of the stick . If this happens then the player will usually use the other end of the stick to hit the ball . End of the stick is held called " queue " which means tail , from there then obtained the word " cue " . For the longest time , only men - men who are allowed to use the cue ; women forced to use mace because they feared would tear the coating material to the table cue sharper .

Table

Table for this game , at first having a vertical barrier at its edge that serves to prevent the ball falling . Such restraint is similar to the riverbank ( riverbanks ) until called banks . Ball - the ball can bounce up to the players would deliberately steer his shot into the barrier . Therefore , blow created a "bank shot "