History of Yogyakarta Special Region

Yogyakarta or usually shortened to DIY is one of the provincial-level autonomous regions in Indonesia. This provincial capital in Yogyakarta.

From the name of this area is the Yogyakarta Special Region as well as the status. Status as a Special District with respect to trace the history of this province, both before and after the Proclamation of Independence of the Republic of Indonesia.

According to the Chronicle Gianti, Yogyakarta or Ngayogyakarta (Javanese) is the name given Pakubuwono II (king of Mataram in 1719 to 1727) as a replacement name pesanggrahan Gartitawati. Means that Kerta Yogyakarta Yogya, Yogyakarta affluent, while the mean Ngayogyakarta Yogya prosperous and the most important. Another source said, Yogyakarta name is taken from the name of (capital) city of Ayodhya in Sanskrit epic Ramayana. In everyday use, commonly pronounced Jogja Yogyakarta (karta) or Ngayogyakarta (Javanese).

Before the independence of Indonesia, Yogyakarta has had a tradition of government as is the Sultanate of Yogyakarta, including in it there is also the Duchy Pakualaman. Areas that had its origins with its own government, in the Dutch East Indies colonial era called Zelfbesturende Landschappen. At the time of independence is called by the name of the Autonomous Region.

Ngayogyakarta Sultanate stood since 1755 was founded by Prince Mangkubumi which then holds the lane I. Duchy Pakualaman, established since 1813, was founded by Prince Notokusumo, (brother lane II) and then the title Duke of Paku Alam I.

Both Sultanate and Pakualaman, recognized by the Dutch government as a monarchy with the right to set their own household. All of that stated in the policy contract. Sultanate last political contracts listed in Gazette No. 1941. 47 and political contract No. Pakualaman in 1941 Staatsblaad. 577.

At the Proclamation of Independence, lane IX and Sri Paku Alam VIII knocking wires to the President, stated that the Regional District of Yogyakarta Sultanate and Pakualaman become part of the territory of the Republic of Indonesia, and merge into a single entity to realize the Yogyakarta Special Region. Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX and Sri Paku Alam VIII as Regional Head and Deputy Head responsible directly to the President of the Republic of Indonesia. The handle law is:

1. Charter lane position IX and Sri Paku Alam VIII, dated August 19, 1945 from the President of the Republic of Indonesia.

2. Mandate lane IX and Sri Paku Alam VIII Commission dated 5 September 1945 (which created its own separately).

3. Mandate lane IX and Sri Paku Alam VIII, dated October 30, 1945 (which made together in one manuscript).

From January 4, 1946 until December 17, 1949, Yogyakarta became the capital of the Republic of Indonesia, it was the days of the struggle even experience moments are very exciting, almost alone of the Republic of Indonesia finished. Therefore, the leaders of the Indonesian people that get together and fight in Yogyakarta have fond memories of this area. Especially young men who, after the war, continued his studies at the University of Gajah Mada, a State University established by the first President of the Republic of Indonesia, as well as a living monument to commemorate the struggle of Yogyakarta.

At this time led by Kraton lane X and Puro Pakualaman by Sri Paduka Paku Alam IX. Both play a crucial role in maintaining cultural values and customs of a unifying Java and Yogyakarta society.

On the basis of article 18 of Law 1945, the House of Representatives Propisni wants Yogyakarta Special Region for a position as a regional Level I, remain stable with the given history of the formation and development of the terrain Government duly respected.

Article 18 of the 1945 constitution states that "Indonesia Regional distribution over a large area and small, with the form of a government established by law in view and considering the principle of deliberation in the State system of government and the rights of its origins in the areas that are Parties ".

As a province-level autonomous region, Yogyakarta established by Act 3 of 1950, in accordance with the intent of article 18 of the 1945 Constitution. Mentioned that Yogyakarta is covering the former Local / Regional Yogyakarta Sultanate and Pakualaman.

As the provincial capital of Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta rich predicate, either from history or potential, such as the city struggles, city of culture, university town, and city tourism.

City designation struggle for the city of Yogyakarta in regard to the role of Indonesian struggle constellation of the Dutch colonial era, the colonial era Japan, and at the time of the struggle for independence. Yogyakarta was once a center of the kingdom, the kingdom of Mataram good (Islam), the Sultanate of Yogyakarta and the Duchy Pakualaman.

The name for the city is the city of culture is closely related to cultural relics of high value during these kingdoms which still remain stable. The name is also associated with many centers of art and culture. The name says Mataram which is widely used today, is nothing but a pride in the glory of the kingdom of Mataram.

Predicate as a student city associated with the city's history and role in the world of education in Indonesia. In addition to the various education at every level of education available in this province, in Yogyakarta there are many students from all regions in Indonesia. Not excessive when called as miniature Yogyakarta Indonesia.

Designation as a city of Yogyakarta province illustrates the potential of tourism in the eyes of tourism. Yogyakarta is the second largest tourist destination after Bali. Different types of tourism development in the region, such as nature tourism, historical tourism, cultural tourism, education, and even, most recently, a night tour.

Besides the above predicates, the history and status of Yogyakarta is interesting to observe. Name the area using the name of DIY as well as the status of Special Region. Status of Yogyakarta Special Region of Yogyakarta with respect to trace the history, both before and after the Proclamation of Independence of the Republic of Indonesia.