"Walisongo" means nine trustees " They are Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Sunan Ampel, Sunan Giri, Sunan Bonang, Dradjad Sunan, Sunan Kalijaga, Sunan Kudus, Sunan Muria, and Sunan Gunung Jati. They do not live at the exact same time. Yet another one is linked closely, if not the blood ties are also in the teacher-student relationship
Maulana Malik Ibrahim of the oldest. Sunan Maulana Malik Ibrahim Ampel children. Sunan Giri is the nephew of Maulana Malik Ibrahim also means Sunan Ampel cousin. Sunan Bonang and Sunan Sunan Ampel Drajad are children. Sunan Kalijaga a friend and disciple of Sunan Bonang. Sunan Sunan Muria Kalijaga child. Kalijaga Sunan Sunan Kudus students. Sunan Gunung Jati is a friend of the Sunan, except Maulana Malik Ibrahim who died first.
They live on the north coast of Java from the beginning of the 15th century to the mid 16th century, in three important areas. Namely Gresik, Surabaya-East Java-Lamongan, Demak-Holy-Muria in Central Java, and Cirebon in West Java. They are intellectuals who became the reformer of his time. They introduced a variety of new forms of civilization: from health, farming, commerce, culture and the arts, community to government.
Pesantren Ampel Denta and Giri are the two most important educational institutions in that period. Giri, Islamic civilization extends throughout the eastern archipelago. Sunan Giri and Sunan Gunung Jati not only scholars, but also the leader of the government. Sunan Giri, Bonang, Kalijaga, and Ghost artwork creators whose influence is still felt to this day. While Sunan Muria is a true companion of the commoners.
Walisongo era is the era of the end of the dominance of the Hindu-Buddhist cultural heritage to be replaced with Islamic culture. They are a symbol of the spread of Islam in Indonesia. Particularly in Java. Of course many other characters that also play a role. But they are a very big role in setting up the Islamic kingdom in Java, as well as its influence on the culture and the society at large propagation directly, making "nine trustees" is more widely known than others.
Each of these figures has a unique role in the spread of Islam. Start of Maulana Malik Ibrahim, who put themselves as a "physician" for the Hindu kingdom of Majapahit; Sunan Giri called the colonialists as "the pope of the East" to Sunan Kalijaga who create works of art using shades that can understand the nuances of the Javanese-Hindu and Buddhist .
Maulana Malik Ibrahim (1)
Maulana Malik Ibrahim, or Abraham Makdum As-Samarkandy estimated born in Samarkand, Central Asia, in the early half of the 14th century. Tanah Jawi Chronicle called Asmarakandi Meinsma version, follow the spoken tongue of the As-Samarkandy Java, turned into Asmarakandi
Maulana Malik Ibrahim Sheikh is sometimes also referred to as the Maghreb. Some people even call it Grandpa Pillow. He was related to Maulana Isaac, renowned scholars Pasai Ocean, and father of Sunan Giri (Raden Paku). Abraham and Isaac was the son of a Persian cleric, Maulana Jumadil named Kubro, who settled in Samarkand. Maulana Jumadil Kubro believed to be descendants of the 10 of Syayidina Hussein, grandson of Prophet Muhammad.
Maulana Malik Ibrahim never lived in Campa, now Cambodia, for thirteen years since 1379. He even married the daughter of the king, who gave him two sons. They are Raden Rahmat (known as Sunan Ampel) and Syed Ali Morteza aka Raden Students. Felt pretty proselytizing missions in the country, the year 1392 AD Maulana Malik Ibrahim fled to the island of Java left his family.
Some versions state that some people coming along. The area was first headed Sembalo the village, the region is still in the Majapahit empire. Sembalo village now, is the area Leran Manyar district, 9 kilometers north of the town of Gresik.
The first activity is doing when it is dealing with how to open the shop. Stalls that provide basic needs at low prices. Moreover specifically Malik Ibrahim also volunteered to treat people free of charge. As a physician, it is reported, he had been invited to treat the king's wife from Campa. Empress likely still relatives of his wife.
Pillow grandfather also taught new ways of farming. He embraced the community-in the Hindu caste aside. Thus was completed the first mission, which is looking for a place in the hearts of people around that when it was hit by the economic crisis and civil war. Finished build and organize cottage where religious learning in Leran, in 1419 AD Maulana Malik Ibrahim died. His grave is now located at the village gate, Gresik, Jawa Timur.n
Sunan Ampel
He was the eldest son of Maulana Malik Ibrahim. According to the Chronicle and the Tanah Jawi Genealogy Sunan Kudus, in his childhood, he was known by the name of Raden Rahmat. He was born in 1401 AD in Campa. Ampel own name, identified with the name of the place where he had long resided. In areas Ampel or Ampel Denta, a region now part of Surabaya (city Wonokromo now)
Some versions state that Sunan Ampel into the island of Java in the year 1443 AD with Sayid Ali Murtadho, his brother. In 1440, prior to Java, they stop in Palembang. After three years in Palembang, then he melabuh to the Gresik. Continued went to Majapahit to see his aunt, a daughter of Campa, named Dwarawati, which dipersunting one king of Majapahit Hindu King Sri Kertawijaya title.
Sunan Ampel married the daughter of a duke in Tuban. From his marriage, he was blessed with several sons and daughters. Among the successors is Sunan Bonang and Sunan Drajat. When the Sultanate of Demak (25 kilometers south of the city of Holy) want to set up, Sunan Ampel helped the birth of the first Islamic kingdom in Java. He is also a student pointing Raden Patah, the son of King UB V king of Majapahit, to become Sultan of Demak in 1475 AD
In Ampel Denta swampy, area awarded the King of Majapahit, he built a boarding school develops. At first he embraced the surrounding community. In the mid 15th century, the school became the center of education is very influential in the archipelago and even overseas. Among his students were Sunan Giri and Raden Patah. The students are then disebarnya to preach to the various parts of Java and Madura.
Sunan Ampel adheres to Hanafi schools of jurisprudence. However, to his students, he was just giving a simple instruction that emphasizes the cultivation of faith and worship. He was the one who introduced the term "Mo Limo" (moh game, ngombe moh, moh thief, opium moh, moh Madon). That calls for a "do not gamble, do not drink, do not steal, do not use drugs, and do not commit adultery."
Sunan Ampel thought died in 1481 AD and buried in Demak Mosque Ampel west, Surabaya.n
Sunan Giri
It has a small name Raden Paku, aka Muhammad Ainul sure. Sunan Giri born in Blambangan (now Banyuwangi) in 1442 AD There is also a call Jake ocean. A name that is associated with childhood that once discarded by the family of his mother-a princess named Dewi Sekardadu Blambangan to sea. Raden Paku then collected by Nyai Semboja child (Babad Tanah Jawi Meinsma version).
His father was Maulana Isaac. Maulana Malik Ibrahim siblings. Maulana Isaac managed to Islamkan his wife, but failed to Islamize the law. That is why he left his wife, the family ventured down to the ocean Pasai.
Sunan Giri small misannya studying in boarding schools, Sunan Ampel, where Raden Patah also studied. He had ventured to Malacca and Pasai. Having had enough knowledge, he opened a boarding school in the hill village of Sidomukti, South Gresik. In the Java language, the hill is "giri". So he called Sunan Giri.
Pesantren was not only used as a place of education in the narrow sense, but also as a center for community development. King of Majapahit-supposedly for fear of Sunan Giri-trigger revolt gave him the flexibility to set government. Then rose schools developed into one of the centers of power called Giri Kedaton. As government leaders, Sunan Giri also referred to as King Satmata.
Giri Kedaton grow into an important political center of Java, at the time. When Raden Broken escape from Majapahit, Sunan Giri instead acted as adviser and military commander of the Sultanate of Demak. It is recorded in the Annals of Demak. Furthermore, Demak was not free from the influence of Sunan Giri. He is also recognized as a mufti, the highest religious leader, a Java.
Giri Kedaton last up to 200 years. One of his successors, Prince Singosari, known as the most adamantly opposed to collusion VOC and Amangkurat II at Century 18.
The students boarding Giri also known as a staunch propagator of Islam to various islands, such as Bawean, Kangean, Madura, Haruku, Ternate, until Nusa Tenggara. Propagator of Islam to South Sulawesi, Datuk Ribandang and two companions, was a disciple of Sunan Giri from Minangkabau.
In religion, he was known for his vast knowledge in the science of jurisprudence. People also refer to it as the Sultan Abdul Fakih. He also pecipta incredible artwork. Kids games like Jelungan, moldy, winch-ilir and cublak suweng called Sunan Giri creations. Similarly Gending asmaradana and Javanese Pucung again but with the teaching requirements Islam.n
Sunan Bonang
He is the son of Sunan Ampel, which means also the grandson of Maulana Malik Ibrahim. His given name is Raden Makdum Ibrahim. Birth estimated 1465 AD from a woman named Nyi Ageng Manila, the daughter of a duke in Tuban
Sunan Kudus much studied at Sunan Kalijaga. Then he ventured into various areas barren Sragen in Central Java, Simo up Gunungkidul. How berdakwahnya also replicate Sunan Kalijaga: very tolerant culture. The mode of delivery even smoother. That is why the saints are having trouble finding the Holy preachers to which the majority of followers of firm-appointed.
How to approach the Holy Ghost Sunan is to utilize the symbols of Hinduism and Buddhism. This is evident from the Holy mosque architecture. Its towers, gates and shower / ablution Padasan representing eight Buddhist path. A form of compromise between Sunan Kudus.
One time, he was fishing communities to go to the mosque to listen to his sermons. To that end, he deliberately tether the cow, named Kebo Gumarang in the courtyard. Hindus who glorify cattle, be sympathetic. Especially after hearing the explanation of Sunan Kudus of Surat al-Baqara
which means "cow". Until now, most traditional societies Ghost, still refusing to slaughter a cow.
Sunan Kudus also composed stories monotheism. The story is drawn up in series, so that people interested in following the rest. An approach that seems to adopt the 1001 Nights story of the Abbasid Caliphate. With so Sunan Kudus bind society.
Not only preaching as it is done Sunan Kudus. As his father, he also served as Chief of the War of the Sultanate of Demak. He fought at Demak, under the leadership of Sultan Prawata, fought against Duke Jipang, Arya Penangsang.n
Sunan Kalijaga
He is the "guardian" whose name most often mentioned the Java community. He was born around the year 1450 AD. His father was Arya Wilatikta, Duke Tuban-descendants of rebel leader Majapahit, Ronggolawe. Period, Arya Wilatikta estimated to have embraced Islam
First name is Raden Said Sunan Kalijaga. It also has a number of nicknames like Lokajaya, Sheikh Malaya, Prince Raden Abdurrahman.Terdapat Tuban or different versions regarding the origin of the name it bears Kalijaga.
Community Cirebon found that the name was derived from the hamlet Kalijaga in Cirebon. Sunan Kalijaga had ever lived in Cirebon and close friends with Sunan Gunung Jati. Java circles relate guardian fondness for bathing ('kungkum') in the river (times) or "guard time". However, there is mention that the term derived from the Arabic "Qadli dzaqa" which refers to its status as "the prince of the holy 'empire.
Sunan Kalijaga lifetime is estimated at more than 100 years. Thus he had a late power Majapahit (end 1478), the Sultanate of Demak, Sultanate of Cirebon and Banten, even Pajang kingdom that was born in 1546 and the early presence of the kingdom of Mataram led Panembahan Senopati. He participated also designed the construction of the Great Mosque and the Mosque of Demak Cirebon. Pole "chips" (split wood) which is one of the main pillars are the creations of Sunan Kalijaga mosque.
In preaching, he had the same pattern with the mentor and best friend, Sunan Bonang. Understanding religion tends to "Sufi-based salaf"-not a pantheistic Sufi (worship only). He also chose the arts and culture as a means to preach.
He was very tolerant of the local culture. He argues that people will stay away if attacked stance. So they must be approached gradually: follow her influence. Sunan Kalijaga believes that Islam is understood, by their long lost habit.
So impressed syncretic teachings Kalijaga Sunan in introducing Islam. He uses sculpture, puppets, gamelan, as well as sound art mysticism as a means of propaganda. He is the creator of the shirt piety, sekatenan celebration, Grebeg Maulud, Layang Kalimasada, puppet plays Petruk is the king. Landscape of the city center such as Kraton, the square with two banyan and the mosque is believed to be the work of Sunan Kalijaga.
The method is very effective propaganda. Most of the duke in Java embraced Islam through Sunan Kalijaga. Among them was the Duke Padanaran, Kartasura, Kebumen, Banyumas, and Pajang (now Kotagede - Yogya). Sunan Kalijaga buried in Kadilangu-south Demak.n
Sunan Gunung Jati
Many absurd stories associated with Sunan Gunung Jati. Among them was that he had experienced a spiritual journey as Isra 'Mi'raj, then met the Prophet Muhammad, met Prophet Khidr, and the prophet will receive Sulaeman. (Chronicle Cirebon Klayan hal.xxii text).
Everything was just hinted at it in admiration society of the Sunan Gunung Jati. Sunan Gunung Jati or Syarif Hidayatullah was born around the year 1448 is estimated to M. His mother was Nyai Rara Santang, daughter of the king Raden Pajajaran Rarasa Manah. While his father was Maulana Huda Sultan Sharif Abdullah, Egyptian authorities Banu Hashim of Palestinian descent.
Sharif Hidayatullah explore the science of religion since he was 14 years of Egyptian scholars. He had traveled to many countries. Following the establishment of the Sultanate of Demak Bintoro, and the blessing of the other scholars, he founded the Sultanate of Cirebon, also known as the Sultanate Pakungwati.
Thus, Sunan Gunung Jati is the only "wali Songo" leading the government. Sunan Gunung Jati harness their influence as the son of King Pajajaran to spread Islam from Cirebon coast or inland Pasundan Priangan.
In preaching, he embraced Middle Eastern trend is straightforward. But he also approached people by building infrastructure such as roads that connect between regions.
Together with his son, Maulana Hasanuddin, Sunan Gunung Jati also an expedition to Banten. Local authorities, the General shoots, voluntarily handed over control of the Banten region which later became the forerunner of the Sultanate of Banten.
At the age of 89 years, Sunan Gunung Jati resigned his position to pursue just propaganda. Power was handed to Prince Pasarean. In the year 1568 AD, Sunan Gunung Jati died at the age of 120 years, in Cirebon (formerly Carbon). He was buried in the Mount Sembung, Gunung Jati, about 15 kilometers before the town of Cirebon of direction barat.n
Sunan Drajat
His given name Raden Qosim. He is the son of Sunan Ampel. Thus it is related to the Sunan Bonang. It is estimated that holds Sunan Drajat Syaifuddin Raden was born in the year 1470 AD
Sunan Drajat first got the assignment from his father to preach to the coast Gresik, by sea. He then stranded in Hamlet
Jelog-coast Banjarwati or Lamongan now. But next year Sunan Drajat move 1 kilometer to the south and established a hermitage students Dalem Duwur, now called the Village Drajat, Paciran-Lamongan.
In the teaching of monotheism and faith, Sunan Drajat taking his father's ways: directly and not many local cultural approach. Nevertheless, the mode of delivery adapt the way art is done Sunan Muria. Especially the art of mysticism.
So he composed a number mysticism, among them the mysticism adage "give stick to the blind / feed to the hungry / give clothes to the naked '.
Sunan Drajat also known as an unpretentious who likes to help. In the lodge pesantren, he maintains many children orphaned and indigent miskin.n
Sunan Kudus
Sadiq Jaffar his first name. He was the couple's son and Syarifah Ngudung Sunan (Sunan Bonang sister), son Nyi Ageng Maloka. Ngudung mentioned that Sunan is one of the sons of Sultan of Egypt to wander in Java. In the Sultanate of Demak, he was appointed Commander of War
Sunan Kudus much studied at Sunan Kalijaga. Then he ventured into various areas barren Sragen in Central Java, Simo up Gunungkidul. How berdakwahnya also replicate Sunan Kalijaga: very tolerant culture. The mode of delivery even smoother. That is why the saints are having trouble finding the Holy preachers to which the majority of followers of firm-appointed.
How to approach the Holy Ghost Sunan is to utilize the symbols of Hinduism and Buddhism. This is evident from the Holy mosque architecture. Its towers, gates and shower / ablution Padasan representing eight Buddhist path. A form of compromise between Sunan Kudus.
One time, he was fishing communities to go to the mosque to listen to his sermons. To that end, he deliberately tether the cow, named Kebo Gumarang in the courtyard. Hindus who glorify cattle, be sympathetic. Especially after hearing the explanation of Sunan Kudus of Surat al-Baqara, which means "cow". Until now, most traditional societies Ghost, still refusing to slaughter a cow.
Sunan Kudus also composed stories monotheism. The story is drawn up in series, so that people interested in following the rest. An approach that seems to adopt the 1001 Nights story of the Abbasid Caliphate. With so Sunan Kudus bind society.
Not only preaching as it is done Sunan Kudus. As his father, he also served as Chief of the War of the Sultanate of Demak. He fought at Demak, under the leadership of Sultan Prawata, fought against Duke Jipang, Arya Penangsang.n
Sunan Muria
He is the son of Goddess Saroh-Sunan Giri younger brother Maulana Sheikh son Isaac as well, with Sunan Kalijaga. His given name is Raden Prawoto. Muria name is taken from the last residence on the slopes of Mount Moriah, 18 kilometers to the north of the city of Holy
Style berdakwahnya much took his father's ways, Sunan Kalijaga. But unlike his father, Sunan Muria would rather live in a very remote and far away from the city center to spread Islam.
Mingling with the common people, while teaching farming skills, trade and at sea is his favorite.
Sunan Muria is often used also as a mediator in internal conflicts in the Sultanate of Demak (1518-1530), he is known as a person that is able to solve various problems no matter how complicated the issue. The solution is always the solution acceptable to all parties at loggerheads. Sunan Muria preaching from Jepara, Tayu, Juana to about Ghost and Starch. One result is preaching through art and song Sinom Kinanti.
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